{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:59:45Z","timestamp":1792069185928,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fond de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec-Sant\u00e9"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008582","name":"McGill University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008582","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and, more recently, for weight management among individuals without diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review synthesizes the current evidence on the mechanisms by which GLP-1 RAs affect BP, their clinical effects across populations, and the implications for patient care. We discuss subpopulations who may benefit from their BP-lowering effects, identify limitations in the existing evidence, and explore future directions for research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Beyond their metabolic effects, growing evidence suggests that GLP-1 RAs produce modest reductions in BP, typically 2-5 mm Hg systolic, across diverse populations with diabetes, obesity, or at high cardiovascular risk. These reductions appear to be driven primarily by weight loss, with additional contributions from potential weight-independent mechanisms such as natriuresis, improved endothelial function, and attenuation of vascular inflammation. Although smaller in magnitude than those achieved with traditional antihypertensive drugs, the BP-lowering effects of GLP-1 RAs can translate into meaningful cardiovascular risk reduction at the population level and provide additive BP benefit when used alongside conventional therapies. Among individuals with hypertension, GLP-1 RAs are generally well tolerated, although small increases in heart rate and potential interactions with volume-regulating medications may warrant clinical attention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As newer GLP-based therapies continue to emerge, a clearer understanding of their effects on BP may inform more integrated approaches to cardiometabolic care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpaf205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T11:27:42Z","timestamp":1761046062000},"page":"611-622","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Blood Pressure: A State-of-the-Art Review of Mechanisms, Evidence, and Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Areesha","family":"Moiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital\/McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetiana","family":"Zolotarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital\/McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristian B","family":"Filion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital\/McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J","family":"Eisenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital\/McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, McGill University , Montreal, QC,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital\/McGill University , Montreal, 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