{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T09:03:44Z","timestamp":1784106224167,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ada and Hagbart Waages Humanit\u00e6re og Veldedige Stiftelse"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Previous studies suggest that blood pressure (BP) is a stronger risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women compared to men. However, few have rigorously investigated this association in young adults with emphasis on sex differences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2000, the \u201cOslo Health Study\u201d (HUBRO), recruited 5933 individuals born in 1969 or 1970. By linkage with national health registries in Norway, we followed this cohort through 2024 with respect to CVD events. Multivariate Cox analyses were performed to assess the risk of CVD during follow-up. Sex-specific analyses were performed by interaction testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median age at baseline was 31 years (interquartile range (IQR): 30-31), and 56% were women. The median systolic and diastolic BP was 122 (IQR 114-130) and 69 (IQR 63-75) mm\u2009Hg, respectively. After 24 years of follow-up, 158 (2.7%) CVD events had occurred. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) for CVD events per 10 mm\u2009Hg higher systolic and 5 mm\u2009Hg higher diastolic BP was 1.22 (1.04-1.42) and 1.20 (1.09-1.31), respectively. The HR per 10 mm\u2009Hg higher systolic BP was 1.30 (1.01-1.68) in women vs 1.15 (0.96-1.38) in men. No statistically significant sex-interaction between systolic BP and risk of CVD event was found (P\u2009=\u2009.38). The HR per 5 mm\u2009Hg higher diastolic BP was 1.20 (1.03-1.41) in women and 1.20 (1.07-1.34) in men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In young adults from the general population, systolic and diastolic BP were related to the risk of CVD events during long-term follow-up, with similar risk in women and men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpag025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T12:36:19Z","timestamp":1774096579000},"page":"1005-1012","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blood pressure and cardiovascular risk in a contemporary cohort of young adults"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3449-0407","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eirik","family":"Aaseth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigrun","family":"Halvorsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sverre Erik","family":"Kjeldsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Gravning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullev\u00e5l , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.18459","article-title":"Isolated diastolic hypertension and risk of cardiovascular disease: controversies in hypertension\u2014pro side of the argument","volume":"79","author":"Yano","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hypertension."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m3222","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m3222","article-title":"Association between high blood pressure and long term cardiovascular events in young adults: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"370","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bmj."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"d643","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d643","article-title":"Association of blood pressure in late adolescence with subsequent mortality: cohort study of Swedish male conscripts","volume":"342","author":"Sundstrom","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.7326\/M23-0112","article-title":"Blood pressure level in late adolescence and risk for cardiovascular events: a cohort study","volume":"176","author":"Rietz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab068","article-title":"Stage 1 hypertension, sex, and acute coronary syndromes during midlife: the Hordaland health study","volume":"29","author":"Kringeland","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17018-9","article-title":"Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study","volume":"364","author":"Yusuf","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"k4247","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k4247","article-title":"Sex differences in risk factors for myocardial infarction: cohort study of UK biobank participants","volume":"363","author":"Millett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bmj."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.125.322092","article-title":"Biological sex and cardiovascular disease prevention in systemic arterial hypertension","volume":"45","author":"Gerdts","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4777","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac470","article-title":"Sex differences in arterial hypertension","volume":"43","author":"Gerdts","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11911-8","article-title":"Prospective studies C. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies","volume":"360","author":"Lewington","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000002321","article-title":"Stage 1 hypertension by the 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association hypertension guidelines and risk of cardiovascular disease events: systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population etiologic fraction of prospective cohort studies","volume":"38","author":"Han","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hypertens."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e016115","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.016115","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease among young adults: report from a national heart, lung, and blood institute working group","volume":"9","author":"Gooding","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpaf044","article-title":"Trends in hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control among US young adults, 2003-2023","volume":"38","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01330-1","article-title":"Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants","volume":"398","author":"Collaboration","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-016-0257-8","article-title":"Blood pressure changes during 22-year of follow-up in large general population\u2014the HUNT study, Norway","volume":"16","author":"Holmen","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwad214","article-title":"Trends in acute myocardial infarction mortality in the European Union, 2012-2020","volume":"30","author":"Zuin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaf104","article-title":"Remnant cholesterol, plasma triglycerides and risk of cardiovascular disease events in young adults: a prospective cohort study","author":"Aaseth","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494818803256","article-title":"Completeness and correctness of acute myocardial infarction diagnoses in a medical quality register and an administrative health register","volume":"48","author":"Govatsmark","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494815621641","article-title":"Comparison of the validity of stroke diagnoses in a medical quality register and an administrative health register","volume":"44","author":"Varmdal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scand J Public Health."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607991","article-title":"Drug-eluting or bare-metal stents for coronary artery disease","volume":"375","author":"Bonaa","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3912","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehae178","article-title":"2024 ESC guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension","volume":"45","author":"McEvoy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e212","DOI":"10.1161\/HYP.0000000000000257","article-title":"2025 AHA\/ACC\/AANP\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACCP\/ACPM\/AGS\/AMA\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA\/SGIM guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"82","author":"Jones","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gheart.2012.12.004","article-title":"Hypertension and cardiovascular disease: contributions of the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"8","author":"Franklin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Glob Heart."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.13551","article-title":"Association of blood pressure classification in young adults using the 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association blood pressure guideline with cardiovascular events later in life","volume":"320","author":"Yano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jama."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.16501","article-title":"Association of blood pressure classification in Korean young adults according to the 2017 American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association guidelines with subsequent cardiovascular disease events","volume":"320","author":"Son","year":"2018","journal-title":"Jama."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1778","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044838","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk of isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension in young adults","volume":"141","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpaf214","article-title":"Sex differences in blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in the UK Biobank: a prospective cohort study","volume":"39","author":"Kelly","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197702242960801","article-title":"Mild high-renin essential hypertension. Neurogenic human hypertension?","volume":"296","author":"Esler","year":"1977","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B29","volume-title":"McDonald\u2019s Blood Flow in Arteries","author":"Nichols","year":"1990"},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2017.11.003","article-title":"Hypertension and cardiovascular risk: general aspects","volume":"129","author":"Kjeldsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001191","article-title":"A novel prediction equations for absolute risk assessment of total cardiovascular disease incorporating cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"148","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2161","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe2409080","article-title":"Prevention of cardiovascular disease\u2014don\u2019t stop thinking about tomorrow","volume":"391","author":"Blumenthal","year":"2024","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.09.817","article-title":"Primary prevention of subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults: JACC review topic of the week","volume":"82","author":"Devesa","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol."},{"key":"2026071504100813400_hpag025-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf744","article-title":"Antihypertensive treatment in young adults and cardiovascular risk: a population-based cohort study","volume":"47","author":"Rea","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Heart J."}],"container-title":["American Journal of Hypertension"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpag025\/67510567\/hpag025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article-pdf\/39\/8\/1005\/67510567\/hpag025.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article-pdf\/39\/8\/1005\/67510567\/hpag025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T08:10:18Z","timestamp":1784103018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajh\/article\/39\/8\/1005\/8540419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpag025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0895-7061","1941-7225"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0895-7061","type":"print"},{"value":"1941-7225","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]}}}