{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:40:51Z","timestamp":1780497651056,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,6]],"date-time":"2016-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>In hypertensive subjects (HTs), isolated left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is an early marker of cardiac damage and is associated with poor prognosis. However, few intervention trials investigated the effects of antihypertensive therapy on isolated LVDD regression. This study investigates the blood pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy and the effect on LVDD of antihypertensive drugs administered as fixed-dose combinations in untreated HTs with isolated LVDD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 168 HTs (23% of them having impaired fasting glucose (IFG)) aged 48\u00b14.2 years were randomized to receive open-label once-daily oral treatment of beta-blocker + diuretic, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) + diuretic, angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) + diuretic, ARB + calcium channel blocker (CCB), or ACEI + CCB. Clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BP values were measured before randomization and at the follow-up. Regression of LVDD was defined as normalization of both the E\/A (ratio of early-to-late ventricular filling wave velocity) and E\/E\u2019 (mitral velocity to early diastolic velocity of the mitral annulus) ratios. Comparisons were made between categorical variables using the \u03c7 2 test and between continuous variables by gender using analysis of variance for repeated measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>BP reduction did not differ between groups. LVDD regression was significantly more prevalent in the ARB + CCB or ACEI + CCB groups than with other combinations; in HTs with IFG, it was most prevalent (46%) with ACEI + CCB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Independently of BP reduction, the fixed-dose combinations ARB + CCB and ACEI + CCB led to regression of isolated LVDD. In those with an IFG, ACEI + CCB was most effective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpw022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,7]],"date-time":"2016-04-07T04:32:21Z","timestamp":1460003541000},"page":"969-975","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effects of the Antihypertensive Fixed-Dose Combinations on an Early Marker of Hypertensive Cardiac Damage in Subjects at Low Cardiovascular Risk"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Mazza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Centre certified by the Italian Society of Hypertension, Azienda ULSS 18 Rovigo 1 , Rovigo , Italy ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Schiavon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Centre certified by the Italian Society of Hypertension, Azienda ULSS 18 Rovigo 1 , Rovigo , Italy ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zuin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ferrara 2 , Ferrara , Italy ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Lenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hypertension Centre, San Donato Hospital, USL 8 Arezzo 3 , Arezzo , Italy ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Ramazzina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Azienda ULSS 18 Rovigo 4 , Rovigo , Italy ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Rubello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Azienda ULSS 18 Rovigo 5 , Rovigo , Italy ;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Casiglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Padova 6 , Padova , Italy ."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.194","article-title":"Burden of systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction in the community: appreciating the scope of heart failure epidemic","volume":"289","author":"Redfield","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01110-X","article-title":"Predictive value of systolic and diastolic function for incident congestive heart failure in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"37","author":"Aurigemma","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1928","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000015076.37047.D9","article-title":"Mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity as a predictor of mortality in middle-aged and elderly adults: the Strong Heart Study","volume":"105","author":"Bella","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0004","author":"Task Force Members. 2013 Practice guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC): ESH\/ESC Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00158-X","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the effects of treatment on left ventricular mass in essential hypertension","volume":"115","author":"Klingbeil","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015709617405","article-title":"Pathophysiologic and therapeutic importance of tissue ACE: a consensus report","volume":"16","author":"Dzau","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2744(71)90142-2","article-title":"Concentrations of angiotensin-converting enzyme in tissues of the rat","volume":"250","author":"Cushman","year":"1971","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)06820-6","article-title":"Contribution of kinins to the cardiovascular actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors","volume":"47","author":"Linz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"key":"2024012509540883200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.58.6.1072","article-title":"The Committee on M-mode Standardization of the American Society of Echocardiography. 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