{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T23:16:20Z","timestamp":1772579780135,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,9]],"date-time":"2017-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1486598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIH RO1 HL113004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH RO1 HL113004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR001417"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001417"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Decreased renal 11-beta dehydrogenase type 2 (11\u03b2-HSD2) activity, as reflected by an increased urinary free cortisol to cortisone ratio (UFF\/UFE), is associated with having hypertension (HTN). The current study was conducted to determine if reduced 11\u03b2-HSD2 activity is also associated with having resistant HTN.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHOD<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We evaluated 55 consecutive patients with RHTN, defined as blood pressure (BP) \u2265140\/90 mm Hg despite using \u22653 antihypertensive medications including a diuretic, and 38 patients whose BP was controlled on \u22643 medications to serve as a non-RHTN comparator group. All patients underwent biochemical evaluation, including measurement of 24-hour urinary UFF\/UFE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 2 study groups had similar demographic characteristics. Systolic, diastolic BP, and number of antihypertensive medications were greater in patients with uncontrolled RHTN vs. the control group (167.5 \u00b1 28.2\/91.2 \u00b1 18.8 vs. 126.6 \u00b1 11.4\/77.8 \u00b1 8.65 mm Hg and 4.31 \u00b1 1.23 vs. 2.74 \u00b1 0.6, respectively). The 24-hour UFF was 13.6 \u00b1 11.8 vs. 14.3 \u00b1 10.7 \u00b5g\/24 h and UFE was 64.9 \u00b1 36.3 vs. 76.1 \u00b1 44 \u00b5g\/24 h such that the UFF\/UFE was 0.22 \u00b1 0.16 vs. 0.19 \u00b1 0.09 in RHTN vs. the control group. This ratio was not associated to age, race, gender, and body mass index.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An elevated UFF\/UFE was not present in this large cohort of patients with uncontrolled RHTN. This suggests that reduced conversion of cortisol to cortisone does not contribute to the development of RHTN.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpx002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,5]],"date-time":"2017-01-05T20:05:55Z","timestamp":1483646755000},"page":"518-523","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["11-Beta Dehydrogenase Type 2 Activity Is Not Reduced in Treatment Resistant Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Lama","family":"Ghazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham at Alabama 1 , Birmingham, Alabama , USA ;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Dudenbostel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham at Alabama 1 , Birmingham, Alabama , USA ;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria El","family":"Hachem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham at Alabama 1 , Birmingham, Alabama , USA ;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Biology and Hypertension Program, Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Birmingham at Alabama 1 , Birmingham, Alabama , USA ;"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chee Paul","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical and Translational Science, University of Birmingham at Alabama 2 , Birmingham, Alabama , USA 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