{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:01:00Z","timestamp":1791946860755,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,25]],"date-time":"2018-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009645","name":"National Academy of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009645","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01 HL138172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01 HL138172"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Withdrawing medications that interfere with blood pressure (BP) is recommended in patients with uncontrolled BP, yet real-world use of such agents is not well characterized among individuals with hypertension. We aimed to evaluate the use of BP-interfering prescription medications among US patients with hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective drug utilization study used medical and prescription claims (January 2008 to December 2014) in the MarketScan commercial claims database. We included adults, aged 18\u201365 years, with a hypertension diagnosis (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 401) and \u22651 antihypertensive medication fill. Two hypertension cohorts were examined\u2014new antihypertensive drug users (incident hypertension) and patients requiring titration to a fourth antihypertensive (incident treatment-resistant hypertension [TRH]). Patient-level exposure to BP-interfering medications was assessed 6 months before and after the index date, defined as the first prescription fill of an antihypertensive drug or the first occurrence of overlapping use of \u22654 antihypertensive drugs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified 521,028 patients with incident hypertension and 131,764 patients with incident TRH. The most prevalent BP-interfering prescription medications were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), acetaminophens, and hormones. Overall, 18.3% of the incident hypertension cohort and 17.6% of the incident TRH cohort initiated a BP-interfering medication following antihypertensive titration. Among patients previously taking a BP-interfering medication, 57.6% with incident hypertension and 64.9% with incident TRH refilled that medication after antihypertensive intensification.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The use of prescription BP-interfering medications, especially NSAIDs, is prevalent among patients requiring intensification of their antihypertensive regimen. Greater efforts to limit the use of these medications, where feasible, may be required among patients with uncontrolled hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpy118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]],"date-time":"2018-07-21T04:21:16Z","timestamp":1532146876000},"page":"1324-1331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Use of Prescription Medications That Potentially Interfere With Blood Pressure Control in New-Onset Hypertension and Treatment-Resistant Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9766-7711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew Y","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Fred Wilson School of Pharmacy, High Point University, High Point, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chintan V","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes & Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"},{"name":"Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111615474539100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.10.073","article-title":"Potential U.S. population impact of the 2017 ACC\/AHA high blood pressure guideline","volume":"71","author":"Muntner","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2022111615474539100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018912","article-title":"Global disparities of hypertension prevalence and control: a systematic analysis of population-based studies from 90 countries","volume":"134","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022111615474539100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)05381-6","article-title":"Randomised double-blind comparison of placebo and active treatment for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension. 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