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With the release of the 2017 Hypertension Clinical Guidelines, 46% of adults in the United States are now classified as hypertensive, and hypertension is the primary modifiable risk factor for the development of CVD. This increase in the prevalence of hypertension is reflected in an increase in prevalence among both men and women across all demographics, although there were greater increases in the prevalence of hypertension among men compared with women. As a result, the well-established gender difference in the prevalence of hypertension is even more pronounced and now extends into the sixth decade of life. The goals of this review are to (i) review the historical clinical trial data and hypertension guidelines from the perspective of both genders and then (ii) review the role of the renin\u2013angiotensin system and T-cell activation in contributing to sex differences in BP control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpy148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T15:54:24Z","timestamp":1538668464000},"page":"1247-1254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":201,"title":["Sex Differences in Hypertension: Where We Have Been and Where We Are Going"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Lindsey A","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0541-0247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer C","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026041420044281100_CIT0001","first-page":"64","article-title":"United States life tables","volume":"66","author":"Arias","year":"2013","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"2026041420044281100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1967.03130240070013","article-title":"Effects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. 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