{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T16:20:13Z","timestamp":1777566013909,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","award":["2011\/12460-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011\/12460-0"]}]},{"name":"Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","award":["2012\/03349-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/03349-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acetylcholinesterase inhibition prevents autonomic imbalance, reduces inflammation, and attenuates the development of hypertension. Considering that vascular dysfunction is a crucial feature of arterial hypertension, we investigated the effects of chronic administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors\u2014pyridostigmine or donepezil\u2014on vascular reactivity of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Endothelium-dependent relaxant responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and contractile responses induced by electric field stimulation (EFS) and alpha-adrenergic agonist were studied in mesenteric resistance arteries from SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats. SHR were treated for 16 weeks with vehicle, pyridostigmine (1.5 mg\/kg\/day) or donepezil (1.4 mg\/kg\/day).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pyridostigmine and donepezil decreased the vasoconstrictor responses to EFS, which were increased in vehicle-treated SHR. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition increased the modulatory effects of nitric oxide (NO) on SHR vascular reactivity, that is, N(\u03c9)-nitro-(L)-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased EFS-induced contractions and reduced ACh-induced relaxation, with more significant effects in pyridostigmine- and donepezil-treated SHR. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitors also decreased vascular reactive oxygen species levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study demonstrates for the first time that long-term administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, pyridostigmine or donepezil, attenuates vascular reactivity dysfunction in SHR by decreasing reactive oxygen species generation and increasing NO bioavailability; possibly via increased endothelial NO synthase activity, and inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpz036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T04:19:50Z","timestamp":1551932390000},"page":"579-587","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Chronic Treatment With Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Attenuates Vascular Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-3926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renata M","family":"Lataro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcondes A B","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabiola L","family":"Mestriner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefany B A","family":"Cau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita C A","family":"Tostes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helio C","family":"Salgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022110816115879100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.304723","article-title":"The epidemiology 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