{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T22:51:48Z","timestamp":1754261508697,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-DK-034818"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-DK-034818"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Rossi Memorial Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To compare in individuals with type 1 diabetes the prediction of incident coronary artery disease (CAD) by components of resting blood pressure\u2014systolic, diastolic, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 605 participants without known CAD at baseline and followed sequentially for 25 years, we used Cox modeling built for each blood pressure component associated with incident CAD, overall and stratified by age (&amp;lt;35 and \u226535 years) or hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (&amp;lt;9% and \u22659%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Baseline mean age and diabetes duration were 27 and 19 years, respectively. We observed an early asymptote and then fall in diastolic blood pressure in their late 30s and early 40s in this group of type 1 diabetes individuals, followed by an early rise of pulse pressure. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) (95% con) for CAD associated with 1 SD pressure increase were 1.35 (1.17, 1.56) for systolic pressure; 1.30 (1.12, 1.51) for diastolic pressure; 1.20 (1.03, 1.39) for pulse pressure; and 1.35 (1.17, 1.56) for mean arterial pressure. Pulse pressure emerged as a strong predictor of CAD at age \u2265 35 years (HR: 1.49 [1.15, 1.94]) and for HbA1c \u2265 9% (HR: 1.32 [1.01, 1.72]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Individuals with type 1 diabetes may manifest early vascular aging by an early decline in diastolic blood pressure and rise in pulse pressure, the latter parameter becoming a comparable to systolic blood pressure in predictor incident CAD in those aged over 35 years and those with poor glycemic control.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpz099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,18]],"date-time":"2019-06-18T03:13:03Z","timestamp":1560827583000},"page":"1075-1081","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Prognostic Significance of Pulse Pressure and Other Blood Pressure Components for Coronary Artery Disease in Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9799-2592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingchuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew F","family":"Muldoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart and Vascular Institute, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria M","family":"Brooks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Trevor J","family":"Orchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Costacou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022101216051883400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6001","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04947-4","article-title":"Oxygen-induced impairment in arterial function is corrected by slow breathing in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"7","author":"Bernardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2022101216051883400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0730-0","article-title":"Acute hyperglycaemia rapidly increases arterial stiffness in young patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"50","author":"Gordin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022101216051883400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001582","article-title":"White matter hyperintensities in middle-aged adults with childhood-onset type 1 diabetes","volume":"84","author":"Nunley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2022101216051883400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11911-8","article-title":"Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies","volume":"360","author":"Lewington","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022101216051883400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.285122","article-title":"Blood pressure trajectories in early adulthood and subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age","volume":"311","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022101216051883400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.96.1.308","article-title":"Hemodynamic patterns of age-related changes in blood pressure. 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