{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T16:47:06Z","timestamp":1793119626921,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study\u2019s objective was to determine whether tocilizumab or baricitinib has a higher risk of bacterial and fungal infections secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This single-site, retrospective chart review of 150 patients at a 433-bed community teaching hospital aimed to investigate the rate of secondary bacterial or fungal infections following COVID-19 infection in patients treated with tocilizumab or baricitinib from March 2020 to June 2022. Secondary endpoints included the time to hospital discharge, the rate of all-cause mortality, and the number of ventilator-free days.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the patients included in the study, the average age was 56.7 years, 55.3% were male, and 72.0% were unvaccinated. Tocilizumab (46.7%) was initiated more frequently than baricitinib (22.7%) in the intensive care units. For the primary endpoint of post\u2013COVID-19 secondary infections, the baricitinib group had a lower rate (21.3%) than the tocilizumab group (34.7%) (P = 0.101). With respect to the secondary endpoints, the median hospital length of stay, rate of mortality, and number of ventilator days were higher in the tocilizumab group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study found no significant differences in the incidence of secondary infections and time to secondary infections between patients treated with baricitinib and tocilizumab.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxaf112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T04:58:11Z","timestamp":1753419491000},"page":"S2981-S2993","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Correlation of tocilizumab vs baricitinib with secondary bacterial and fungal infections in patients with 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