{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T22:37:36Z","timestamp":1788043056181,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to pose a risk to vulnerable populations. This retrospective study compared the effectiveness of remdesivir plus corticosteroids (CCS) versus CCS alone in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 from December 2021 to December 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were extracted from a large, geographically-diverse US Premier Healthcare Database for adults hospitalized for COVID-19. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, incomplete data, transfer from another hospital or hospice care, death\/discharge during the baseline period, elective procedure admissions, patients without supplemental oxygen in hospitals that did not report charges for low-flow oxygen, and patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Propensity score matching was used to balance the distribution of underlying confounders in the two treatment groups. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess time to 14- and 28-day inpatient all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 104,900 patients were initiated on remdesivir plus CCS and 66,016 were initiated on CCS alone in the first 2 days of hospitalization. Unadjusted 14- and 28-day mortality rates were lower for remdesivir-treated patients versus patients who did not receive remdesivir during hospitalization. Remdesivir plus CCS initiation upon admission for COVID-19 (in the total population) was associated with a significantly lower mortality rate (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) (in the overall Omicron period) at both 14 and 28 days, with an adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.77 (0.74-0.80) and 0.79 (0.77-0.82), respectively, versus CCS alone. Results were similar for the total population in the early and later Omicron periods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Remdesivir plus CCS was associated with a significant reduction in inpatient all-cause mortality relative to CCS alone in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 across 3 years of the Omicron period, illustrating the utility of the most recent real-world evidence to help inform treatment recommendations for inpatient providers treating patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/zxag034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T12:46:43Z","timestamp":1770295603000},"page":"S2940-S2951","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lower mortality risk associated with remdesivir plus corticosteroids vs corticosteroids alone for the treatment of patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the early and later Omicron periods"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Alpesh N","family":"Amin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2865-9854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Oppelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs, Gilead Sciences , Foster City, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5653-435X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aastha","family":"Chandak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence and Access , Certara, Radnor, PA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert L","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Baylor Scott & White Health , Dallas, TX ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Burnett School of Medicine at TCU , Fort Worth, TX ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chidinma","family":"Chima-Melton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiopulmonary Division, Pipeline Health , Los Angeles, CA"},{"name":"Tele-ICU Inc. , Los Angeles, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha N","family":"Pettit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, UChicago Medicine , Chicago, IL ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre C","family":"Kalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical 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