{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:07:56Z","timestamp":1789052876719,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is an effective guideline-recommended intervention for people with interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, not all participants experience clinically meaningful improvements. The current PR approach may not represent the optimal form of exercise training for people with ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with the standard PR method of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) in fibrotic ILD (fILD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>131 participants with fILD were randomized, stratified for exertional desaturation (SpO2 &amp;lt; or\u2009\u2265\u200990%), to undertake HIIT or MICT during a standard 8-week, twice-weekly PR program. Cycle endurance time (primary outcome), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), symptoms, health-related quality of life, skeletal muscle changes, and physical activity levels assessed at baseline, immediately after PR, and 6-months were compared between groups using linear mixed models and intention-to-treat analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinically important improvements in cycle endurance time were evident following PR for HIIT and MICT with no between-group difference (MD -63s, 95%CI -195 to 68s). A similar response was seen for 6MWD (MD 4m, 95%C1 -20 to 28m) and all secondary outcomes with no difference between HIIT and MICT. There were no adverse events in either group. A similar proportion of participants in each group completed PR, achieved the prescribed intensity, duration and progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIIT did not result in greater improvements in exercise endurance than MICT in people with fILD. HIIT was safe and well-tolerated, and may serve as an alternative to MICT in people with fILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ajrccm\/aamag446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T11:54:03Z","timestamp":1788954843000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["High intensity interval training in interstitial lung disease: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Leona","family":"Dowman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University Respiratory Research@Alfred, School of Translational Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Austin Health Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Austin Health Department of Physiotherapy, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep , Melbourne, VIC","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony K","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University Respiratory Research@Alfred, School of Translational Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine J","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austin Health Department of Physiotherapy, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep , Melbourne, VIC","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Bondarenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University Respiratory Research@Alfred, School of Translational Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Alfred Health Department of Physiotherapy, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lissa","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Department of Physiotherapy, , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norman R","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Griffith University School of Allied Health, Sport and Social Work, , Gold Coast, QLD,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Griffith University Australian Centre for Precision Health and Technology (PRECISE), , Gold Coast, QLD,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer A","family":"Alison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allied Health Professorial Unit, Sydney Local Health District , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Sydney School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R","family":"Walsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allied Health Research Collaborative, The Prince Charles Hospital , Brisbane, QLD,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The Prince Charles Hospital Queensland Lung Transplant Service, , Brisbane, QLD,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yet H","family":"Khor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University Respiratory Research@Alfred, School of Translational Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Austin Health Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep , Melbourne, VIC","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Alfred Health Department of Respiratory Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole S L","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austin Health Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep , Melbourne, VIC","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Alfred Health Department of Respiratory Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Melbourne Melbourne Medical School, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamera J","family":"Corte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Department of Respiratory Medicine, , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Sydney Central Clinical School, , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Glaspole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University Respiratory Research@Alfred, School of Translational Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"The Prince Charles Hospital Queensland Lung Transplant Service, , Brisbane, QLD,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel C","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis , Sydney, NSW,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Queensland School of Medicine, , Brisbane, QLD,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine F","family":"McDonald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Austin Health Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep , Melbourne, VIC","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"University of Melbourne Melbourne Medical School, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne E","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University Respiratory Research@Alfred, School of Translational Medicine, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Institute for Breathing and Sleep , Melbourne, VIC","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Alfred Health Department of Physiotherapy, , Melbourne, VIC,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"container-title":["American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajrccm\/aamag446\/71019260\/aamag446.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ajrccm\/aamag446\/71019260\/aamag446.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:23:37Z","timestamp":1789050217000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ajrccm\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/ajrccm\/aamag446\/8789978"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajrccm\/aamag446","relation":{},"ISSN":["1073-449X","1535-4970"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1073-449X","type":"print"},{"value":"1535-4970","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"article-number":"aamag446"}}