{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T12:06:31Z","timestamp":1773317191799,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,4]],"date-time":"2021-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate the relationship between age and hangover frequency and severity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An online survey, generated through Facebook, collected self-report data relating to alcohol consumption from 761 Dutch alcohol consumers aged 18\u201394\u00a0years (61.6% female).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Overall, young individuals consumed more alcohol than older drinkers, and men more than women. Significant interactions between age group and sex were found for both subjective intoxication and hangover severity, indicating that the sex differences in these variables were greatest in the younger age groups but became significantly smaller or absent in the older age groups. Partial correlations, correcting for estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC), revealed significant and negative partial correlations between age and subjective intoxication (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.444, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001), age and hangover severity (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.327, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001) and between age and hangover frequency (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.195, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001), i.e. subjective intoxication, hangover severity and hangover frequency decline with age. With regard to sex differences, the observed correlations with age for the past month heaviest drinking occasion were stronger in men for subjective intoxication, (z\u00a0=\u00a0\u22122.25, P\u00a0=\u00a00.024), hangover severity (z\u00a0=\u00a0\u22123.36, P\u00a0=\u00a00.0008) and hangover frequency (z\u00a0=\u00a0\u22123.63, P\u00a0=\u00a00.0003).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hangover severity declines with age, even after controlling for eBAC or the amount of alcohol consumed. Sex differences were greatest in the younger age groups but became significantly smaller or absent in the older age groups. The relationship between age and hangover severity is strongly mediated by subjective intoxication. Pain sensitivity, lower with aging, might be a mediator.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agab027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T04:12:53Z","timestamp":1615954373000},"page":"589-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Alcohol Hangover Across the Lifespan: Impact Of Sex and Age"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Joris C","family":"Verster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noortje R","family":"Severeijns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annabel S M","family":"Sips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hama M","family":"Saeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 CG, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Benson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Scholey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC 3122, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gillian","family":"Bruce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Social Work, School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1011","article-title":"Age-related changes in pain sensitivity in healthy humans: a systematic review with meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"El Tumi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1177\/001316448204200214","article-title":"Simplified determinations of statistical power, magnitude of effect and research sample sizes","volume":"42","author":"Friedman","year":"1982","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14404","article-title":"A systematic review of the next-day effects of heavy alcohol consumption on cognitive performance","volume":"113","author":"Gunn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref4","first-page":"45","article-title":"Age-related differences in blood ethanol parameters and subjective feelings of intoxication in healthy men","volume":"20","author":"Jones","year":"1985","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2017.08.018","article-title":"Perception of intoxication in a field study of the night-time economy: blood alcohol concentration, patron characteristics, and event-level predictors","volume":"76","author":"Kaestle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3390\/ejihpe11010016","article-title":"Immune fitness, and the psychosocial and health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in the Netherlands: methodology and design of the CLOFIT study","volume":"11","author":"Kiani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01065884","article-title":"The effects of age, sex, and genotype on self-report drunkenness following a challenge dose of alcohol","volume":"19","author":"Neil","year":"1989","journal-title":"Behavior Gen"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.2.223","article-title":"Hangover frequency and risk for alcohol use disorders: evidence from a longitudinal high-risk study","volume":"114","author":"Piasecki","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.05.002","article-title":"Neurocognitive effects of alcohol hangover","volume":"33","author":"Prat","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.1023","article-title":"Alcohol hangover: a critical review of explanatory factors","volume":"24","author":"Prat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010280","article-title":"Pain catastrophising predicts alcohol hangover severity and symptoms","volume":"9","author":"Royle","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e31820fde1b","article-title":"Pain-catastrophizing and pain-related emotions: influence of age and type of pain","volume":"27","author":"Ruscheweyh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1998.tb01971.x","article-title":"Catastrophizing, anxiety and pain during dental hygiene treatment","volume":"26","author":"Sullivan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Comm Dentistry Oral Epidemiol"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12238","article-title":"Does the severity of hangovers decline with age? Survey of the incidence of hangover in different age groups","volume":"38","author":"Tolstrup","year":"2014","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref15","first-page":"19","article-title":"The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recommended measures of effect size","volume":"1","author":"Tomczak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends Sport Sci"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01173484","article-title":"Cognitive factors and persistent pain: a glimpse into pandora\u2019s box","volume":"16","author":"Turk","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cogn Ther Res"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/hup.2529","article-title":"The effects of alcohol mixed with energy drink (AMED) on subjective intoxication and alertness: results from a double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"31","author":"Van de Loo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473710666170216125822","article-title":"Development of a definition for the alcohol hangover: consumer descriptions and expert consensus","volume":"9","author":"Van Schrojenstein Lantman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Drug Abuse Rev"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.09.013","article-title":"Validation of the Dutch Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (B-YAACQ)","volume":"34","author":"Verster","year":"2009","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711003020116","article-title":"The alcohol hangover research group consensus statement on best practice in alcohol hangover research","volume":"3","author":"Verster","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Drug Abuse Rev"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8101520","article-title":"The association between alcohol hangover frequency and severity: evidence for reverse tolerance?","volume":"8","author":"Verster","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9010179","article-title":"Sensitivity to experiencing alcohol hangovers: reconsideration of the 0.11% blood alcohol concentration (BAC) threshold for having a hangover","volume":"9","author":"Verster","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030823","article-title":"Updating the definition of the alcohol hangover","volume":"9","author":"Verster","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030786","article-title":"The assessment of overall hangover severity","volume":"9","author":"Verster","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3390\/ejihpe11010015","article-title":"The use of single-item ratings versus traditional multiple-item questionnaires to assess mood and health","volume":"11","author":"Verster","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1981.42.547","article-title":"Prediction of blood alcohol concentrations in human subjects. Updating the Widmark Equation","volume":"42","author":"Watson","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Stud Alcohol Drugs"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001494","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the psychometric properties of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale and associations with participant characteristics","volume":"160","author":"Wheeler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2021083109025989100_ref28","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). Vancouver, British Columbia (May 7\u201312, 2011)","author":"Wobbrock","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Alcohol and Alcoholism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/alcalc\/article-pdf\/56\/5\/589\/40109548\/agab027.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/alcalc\/article-pdf\/56\/5\/589\/40109548\/agab027.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T09:05:01Z","timestamp":1630400701000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/alcalc\/article\/56\/5\/589\/6210036"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/alcalc\/agab027","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-0414","1464-3502"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-0414","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-3502","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]]}}}