{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:05:17Z","timestamp":1792148717764,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,17]],"date-time":"2021-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01 AA01835402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AA01835402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R21 AA02265002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21 AA02265002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["F31 AA025518"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31 AA025518"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have identified structural and functional differences in salience network nodes of individuals with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) after chronic exposure to alcohol. However, no studies have investigated cerebral blood flow (CBF) in nontreatment-seeking (NTS) individuals with AUD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this work, we sought to quantify putative CBF deficits in NTS individuals relative to social drinking (SD) controls and determine if CBF in the salience network is associated with AUD severity. Fifteen NTS (36.5\u2009\u00b1\u200911.2\u00a0years old, 30.0\u2009\u00b1\u200922.7 drinks\/week) and 22 SD (35.6\u2009\u00b1\u200911.9 years old, 9.1\u2009\u00b1\u20095.7 drinks\/week) underwent pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with social drinkers, NTS individuals had significantly lower CBF in the right and left dorsal anterior insula, and the left ventral anterior and posterior insula. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) score showed a significant negative relationship with CBF in the bilateral caudal anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, a significant negative correlation was present between number of standard drinks consumed per week and the left frontal opercular CBF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results provide evidence that insular CBF is negatively associated with heavy drinking, and that severity of alcohol use is related to CBF deficits in key nodes of the salience network. Longitudinal data are needed to understand if disruptions of CBF in the insula and the salience network are a predisposition for or a consequence of chronic AUD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agab062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T19:10:32Z","timestamp":1628795432000},"page":"445-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cerebral Blood Flow in the Salience Network of Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3465-2210","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tarah J","family":"Butcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis , 402 N. Blackford St, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evgeny J","family":"Chumin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , 320 W. 15th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University , 1101 E 10th St, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA"},{"name":"Indiana University Network Science Institute , Indiana University, 1001 IN-45, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine , 320 W. 15th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Dzemidzic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Indiana University School of Medicine , Indiana University Center for Neuroimaging, , 355 W. 16th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine , 355. 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