{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:28:56Z","timestamp":1791390536667,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000027","name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01AA022938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01AA022938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000027","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used event-level data to identify the threshold (i.e. number of standard alcoholic drinks) at which specific negative and positive alcohol-related consequences are likely to occur.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety-six college students aged 18\u201320 reporting weekly heavy episodic drinking (HED) or at least one negative alcohol-related consequence in the past 2\u00a0weeks completed ecological momentary assessment over 28\u00a0days. Participants reported number of standard drinks consumed and negative (e.g. nausea) and positive (e.g. new friend) alcohol-related consequences on 492 drinking nights. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve measured the ability of an increasing number of drinks consumed to discriminate between nights with versus without a given consequence. The Youden Index method was used to identify the optimal threshold of drinks for each consequence. Thresholds were examined for each consequence by participants\u2019 biological sex and heavy drinking status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Across subgroups, most consequences occurred on nights where participants reported higher consumption levels relative to nights where consequences did not occur. Thresholds for negative consequences ranged between four and nine drinks and thresholds for positive consequences were between three and six drinks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many negative consequences are likely to occur following the traditional HED threshold of 4+\/5+ drinks (females\/males), with more severe consequences occurring at slightly higher thresholds. Positive consequences are likely to occur at lower thresholds. There may be an optimal number of drinks that maximize positive while minimizing negative consequences for heavy drinking college students.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agac066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T07:37:36Z","timestamp":1672126656000},"page":"190-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Negative but Not Positive Alcohol-Related Consequences Tend to Occur Above the Heavy Episodic Drinking Threshold: A Daily Study of Young Adult Heavy Drinkers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Jennifer E","family":"Merrill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University , 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health , 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Labhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Addiction Switzerland, Research Department , Avenue Louis-Ruchonnnet 14, 1003 Lausanne , Switzerland"},{"name":"Centre for Alcohol Policy Research (CAPR) , La Trobe University, Plenty Rd & Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora VIC 3086 , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan N","family":"Perks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University , 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health , 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI 02903 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023031122450761300_","volume-title":"Key Substance Use and Mental Health Indicators in the United States: Results from the 2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health","author":"Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration","year":"2021"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108407","article-title":"How much and how fast: alcohol consumption patterns, drinking-episode affect, and next-day consequences in the daily life of underage heavy drinkers","volume":"218","author":"Carpenter","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2007.06.003","article-title":"The Positive Drinking Consequences Questionnaire (PDCQ): validation of a new assessment tool","volume":"33","author":"Corbin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Addict Behav"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.143.1.7063747","article-title":"The meaning and use of the area under a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve","volume":"143","author":"Hanley","year":"1982","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000171940.95813.A5","article-title":"Toward efficient andcomprehensive measurement of the alcohol problems continuum in college students: the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire","volume":"29","author":"Kahler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2235","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14370","article-title":"After how many drinks does someone experience acute consequences-determining thresholds for binge drinking based on two event-level studies","volume":"113","author":"Labhart","year":"2018","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2010.01.009","article-title":"Positive and negative alcohol-related consequences: associations with past drinking","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Adolesc"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000320","article-title":"Psychometric analysis and validity of the daily alcohol-related consequences and evaluations measure for young adults","volume":"29","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"2023031122450761300_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.15288\/jsad.2018.79.465","article-title":"Learning from experience? 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