{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T02:55:57Z","timestamp":1781837757295,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ankara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit","award":["THD-2022-2409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["THD-2022-2409"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Aims: The dynorphin (DYN)\/Kappa Opioid Receptor (KOR) system has been suggested to be involved in both negative affective states and the action of alcohol. The present study was undertaken to explore whether the DYN\/KOR system genes, PDYN and OPRK1, influence on individual differences in the intensity of depressive symptoms at admission as well as the risk of alcohol use disorder (AUD) risk in a sample of 101 individuals with AUD and 100 controls. Methods: PDYN (rs2281285, rs2225749 and rs910080) and OPRK1 (rs6473797, rs963549 and rs997917) polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP. The intensity of depressive and anxiety symptoms and craving were measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Penn Alcohol Craving Scale, respectively. Results: A significant association between the risk of AUD and OPRK1 rs6473797 (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05) at the gene level. OPRK1 rs6473797 CC genotype was found to lead to a 3.11 times greater alcohol dependence risk. In addition, the BDI-II score of the OPRK1 rs963549 CC genotype was found to be significantly lower (20.9\u2009\u00b1\u200911.2, min: 1.0, max: 48.0) than that of the CT\u2009+\u2009TT genotypes (27.04\u2009\u00b1\u200912.7, min: 0.0, max: 49.0) (t: \u22122.332, P\u2009=\u20090.022). None of the PDYN polymorphisms were associated with BDI-II score. Conclusion: Variations in the KOR are associated with the risk of AUD and the intensity of depressive symptoms at admission at the gene level in Turkish males. On the other hand, PDYN gene seemed not to be associated with AUD, depression, anxiety, and craving.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agad036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,13]],"date-time":"2023-05-13T05:16:41Z","timestamp":1683955001000},"page":"404-414","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of <i>PDYN<\/i> and <i>OPRK1<\/i> polymorphisms on the risk of alcohol use disorder and the intensity of depressive symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Selin","family":"\u00d6zkan-Kotilo\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Art, K\u0131r\u015fehir Ahi Evran University Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, , K\u0131r\u015fehir, 40100 , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Kaya-Aky\u00fczl\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University , Ankara, 06590 , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabia","family":"Yurdakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University , Ankara, 06590 , Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Forensic Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University , Ankara, 06110 , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukaddes Asena","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic Biology, Institute of Forensic Sciences, Ankara University , Ankara, 06590 , Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Forensic Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University , Ankara, 06110 , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130nci","family":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr-\u0130lhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University Department of Mental Health and Diseases, , Ankara, 06590 , Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023071011233128400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18396","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910180106","article-title":"Zyklophin, a systemically active selective kappa opioid receptor peptide antagonist with short duration of action","volume":"106","author":"Aldrich","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023071011233128400_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0294-3","article-title":"Dynorphin-kappa opioid receptor activity in the central amygdala modulates binge-like alcohol drinking in 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