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Further, although men and women may differ in vulnerability to the neurobiological effects of AUD, the results of existing studies have been conflicting. We examined brain metabolite levels and cognitive functions in a cross-section of men with AUD (AUDm) and women with AUD (AUDw) to determine the degree of abnormalities after extended periods of abstinence (mean, 6 years) and to evaluate gender differences in neuropsychological and metabolite measures. Participants were 40 abstinent individuals with AUD (22 AUDw, 18 AUDm) and 50 age-equivalent non-AUD comparison participants (26 NCw, 24 NCm). Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was employed at 3 Tesla to acquire metabolite spectra from the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC). Brain metabolites N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-Inositol (mI), and glutamate &amp; glutamine (Glx) were examined relative to measures of memory and inhibitory control. Metabolite levels did not differ significantly between AUD and NC groups. Memory and inhibitory-control impairments were observed in the AUD group. There also were significant group-specific associations between metabolite ratios and measures of inhibitory control. There were no group-by-gender interactions for the four metabolite ratios. These findings demonstrate that brain metabolite levels in men and women with AUD, following long-term abstinence, do not differ from individuals without AUD. The data also provide preliminary evidence of sustained associations between metabolite levels and measures of inhibitory control, a functional domain important for curtailing harmful drinking.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agad059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,24]],"date-time":"2023-08-24T16:23:21Z","timestamp":1692894201000},"page":"578-588","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anterior cingulate metabolite levels, memory, and inhibitory control in abstinent men and women with alcohol use disorder"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Emily N","family":"Oot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McLean Hospital , 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478 , United States"},{"name":"Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7767-5688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayle S","family":"Sawyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118 , United States"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System , 150 So. Huntington Ave., 151B, Boston, MA 02130 , United States"},{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , United States"},{"name":"Sawyer Scientific, LLC , Boston, MA , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Oscar-Berman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118 , United States"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System , 150 So. Huntington Ave., 151B, Boston, MA 02130 , United States"},{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston, MA , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riya B","family":"Luhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine , 72 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 02118 , United States"},{"name":"VA Boston Healthcare System , 150 So. Huntington Ave., 151B, Boston, MA 02130 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J E","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McLean Hospital , 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marisa M","family":"Silveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McLean Hospital , 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02478 , United States"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023111316061080300_ref1a","first-page":"30","article-title":"Polysubstance and alcohol dependence: unique abnormalities of magnetic resonance-derived brain metabolite levels","volume-title":"Drug and Alcohol Dependence","author":"Abe C, Mon A, Durazzo 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