{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T15:10:56Z","timestamp":1766848256835,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013398","name":"Innlandet Hospital Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013398","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications","award":["17\/2128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/2128"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011745","name":"Norwegian Public Roads Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17\/219690"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/219690"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011745","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014232","name":"Norwegian Directorate of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17\/34838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/34838"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014232","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acute and chronic alcohol use are well-known risk factors for accidents and injuries, and concurrent psychoactive drug use can increase injury risk further. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) 16:0\/18:1 is a biomarker used to determine alcohol consumption the previous 3\u20134 weeks. The aim was to investigate the prevalence of chronic alcohol use in trauma patients, as determined by PEth 16:0\/18:1 concentrations, and how excessive chronic alcohol use relate to demographic variables, injury mechanisms and drug use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients received at Norwegian trauma hospitals from March 2019 to February 2020. The study is part of the Impairing Drugs and Alcohol as Risk factors for Traumatic Injuries study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All patients aged \u2265 16 years received with trauma team were included in the study. Data on injury date and mechanism, gender and age was registered. Blood samples were analyzed for 22 psychoactive medicinal and illicit drugs, ethanol and phosphatidylethanol 16:0\/18:1. Regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between alcohol use and gender, age, injury mechanism and drug use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 4845 patients included in the study, 10% had PEth 16:0\/18:1 concentration \u2265 600 nM (~430 ng\/mL), indicative of excessive chronic alcohol use. Being male, between 44-61 years old, involved in violence, and testing positive for medicinal drugs was associated with excessive chronic alcohol use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Excessive chronic alcohol use was common among males, middle-aged, patients with violence as injury mechanism and those with medicinal drug use. These findings emphasize the need to detect and treat excessive chronic alcohol use among trauma patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agae014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,18]],"date-time":"2024-03-18T08:19:30Z","timestamp":1710749970000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identifying excessive chronic alcohol use with phosphatidylethanol in patients with suspected severe injury-results from the IDART study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5917-8776","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedicte M","family":"J\u00f8rgenrud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital Section of Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Science, , P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla C","family":"Br\u00e5then","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innlandet Hospital Trust Division of Elverum-Hamar, Department of Acute Medicine, , P.O. Box 104, N-2381 Brumunddal, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care medicine, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Steinson Stenehjem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care medicine, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kristiansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care medicine, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Oslo University Hospital Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Anaesthesiology, , P.O. Box 4950, N-0424 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leiv Arne","family":"Rosseland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care medicine, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1171 Blindern, 0318 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Oslo University Hospital Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Department of Research & Development, , P.O. Box 4950, N-0424 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stig Tore","family":"Bogstrand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oslo University Hospital Section of Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Science, , P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Acute and Critical Illness, , P.O. Box 4 St Olavs plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo Department of Public Health Science, , P.O. 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