{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:10:36Z","timestamp":1789791036473,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-00716"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-00716"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research Council of the Swedish Alcohol Retailing Monopoly","award":["FO-2016-0042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO-2016-0042"]}]},{"name":"Research Council of the Swedish Alcohol Retailing Monopoly","award":["2017-0045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017-0045"]}]},{"name":"Research Council of the Swedish Alcohol Retailing Monopoly","award":["FO-2018-0080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FO-2018-0080"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004348","name":"Stockholm County Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20170688"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20170688"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a specific marker of alcohol intake, used both as a screening method for hazardous use and as an outcome measure in the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, what cut-off values to apply for hazardous use in a treatment setting is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the correlation between PEth and self-reported drinking and identify the optimal cut-off for hazardous use, for patients with AUD and a stated goal of controlled drinking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used data from a randomized controlled trial of two different psychological treatments aiming for controlled drinking, conducted within specialized addiction care in Stockholm, Sweden. A total of 181 patients left samples that could be included in the current analysis. Outcomes were measured at five different time points over 2\u00a0years of follow-up. PEth 16:0\/18:1 values were correlated with subjective reports of recent drinking based on the Timeline Follow-Back Method.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The correlation between PEth and self-reported alcohol intake increased significantly over time, with the weakest correlation found at baseline (Spearman\u2019s \u03c1\u2009=\u20090.42) and the strongest at the 104-week follow-up (\u03c1\u2009=\u20090.69). When used to indicate hazardous drinking according to Swedish guidelines (\u226510\u00a0units per week), receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed PEth\u2009\u2265\u20090.22\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l to be the optimal cut-off.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>PEth is a useful outcome measure that can be used to validate subjective reports of current drinking. In a treatment setting aimed at controlled drinking, the accuracy of patients\u2019 self-report measures seems to improve over time. In this context, a PEth value of \u22650.22\u00a0\u03bcmol\/l is a sensitive and specific indicator of hazardous drinking.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agae070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T03:11:16Z","timestamp":1728097876000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Phosphatidylethanol as an outcome measure in treatment aimed at controlled drinking"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Anders","family":"Hammarberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Centre for Psychiatry Research, , Norra Stationsgatan 69, 7th Floor, 113 64 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services , Centre for Psychiatry Research, , Norra Stationsgatan 69, 7th Floor, 113 64 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stina","family":"Ingesson Hammarberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Centre for Psychiatry Research, , Norra Stationsgatan 69, 7th Floor, 113 64 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services , Centre for Psychiatry Research, , Norra Stationsgatan 69, 7th Floor, 113 64 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Redegren Cuellar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience , Centre for Psychiatry Research, , Norra Stationsgatan 69, 7th Floor, 113 64 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm Health Care Services , Centre for Psychiatry Research, , Norra Stationsgatan 69, 7th Floor, 113 64 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joar","family":"Guterstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department 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