{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T14:21:57Z","timestamp":1778768517652,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol intake is linked to systemic inflammation with some studies suggesting a U-shaped relationship. However, little is known about associations between alcohol consumption and novel biomarkers like glycoprotein acetyls (GlycA) and galectin-3 (Gal-3), which may offer earlier, more stable, and more sensitive detection of inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine relationships between alcohol use and levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), GlycA, and Gal-3 in a large, diverse, community-based sample.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional data from a community-based cohort (N\u2009=\u20092159) were analyzed. Alcohol use was treated both as continuous (drinks per week, DPW) and as a five-level ordinal variable (alcohol use group: never, past, light, moderate, and heavy drinkers). Analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) compared mean inflammation levels (GlycA, Gal-3, and hs-CRP) across alcohol use groups, adjusting for covariates related to alcohol and inflammation. Linear regressions examined associations between DPW and inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ANCOVAs revealed a significant association between alcohol use groups and Gal-3 levels (P\u2009=\u2009.031). Post-hoc pairwise comparisons showed that past drinkers had higher Gal-3 levels than light (P\u2009=\u2009.004), moderate (P\u2009=\u2009.012), and never drinkers (P\u2009=\u2009.044). Regressions showed no significant relationships between DPW and any inflammation biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gal-3, but not GlycA or hs-CRP, was elevated in past drinkers compared to light, moderate, and never drinkers. These findings may reflect inflammation related to unmeasured illness among past drinkers that prompted alcohol cessation, rather than a direct alcohol effect. Future studies with longitudinal designs and objective alcohol measures are warranted to clarify causality and reduce potential self-report bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agag032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,18]],"date-time":"2026-04-18T11:18:40Z","timestamp":1776511120000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The association between alcohol consumption and inflammatory biomarkers in a large, diverse, community-based sample"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Shannon","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, MC 8849, Dallas, TX 75390-8849 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shivali","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, MC 8849, Dallas, TX 75390-8849 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayme M","family":"Palka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, MC 8849, Dallas, TX 75390-8849 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Rohatgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-8830 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E Sherwood","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, 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