{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T22:29:27Z","timestamp":1778711367920,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]],"date-time":"2018-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agy071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,13]],"date-time":"2018-09-13T11:12:22Z","timestamp":1536837142000},"page":"56-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Malocclusion Can Give Additional Hints for Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Moritz","family":"Blanck-Lubarsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University M\u00fcnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Flieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University M\u00fcnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reinhold","family":"Feldmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University M\u00fcnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Kirschneck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Centre Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strau\u00df-Allee 11, Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Sauerland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University M\u00fcnster, Schmeddingstrasse 56, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariane","family":"Hohoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, University M\u00fcnster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/35.4.400","article-title":"Diagnosing the full spectrum of fetal alcohol-exposed individuals: introducing the 4-digit diagnostic code","volume":"35","author":"Astley","year":"2000","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/36.2.147","article-title":"Measuring the facial phenotype of individuals with prenatal alcohol exposure: correlations with brain dysfunction","volume":"36","author":"Astley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcohol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199903)59:3<163::AID-TERA8>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome: changes in craniofacial form with age, cognition, and timing of ethanol exposure in the macaque","volume":"59","author":"Astley","year":"1999","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-36735","article-title":"Relationship between head circumference and brain volume in healthy normal toddlers, children, and adults","volume":"33","author":"Bartholomeusz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-14-67","article-title":"Orthodontic treatment of children\/adolescents with special health care needs: an analysis of treatment length and clinical outcome","volume":"14","author":"Blanck-Lubarsch","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03754.x","article-title":"Hearing, language, speech, vestibular, and dentofacial disorders in fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Church","year":"1997","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C7","first-page":"e67","article-title":"Normal distribution of palpebral fissure lengths in Canadian school age children","volume":"17","author":"Clarren","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.128465","article-title":"Evaluation of the peer assessment rating (PAR) index as an index of orthodontic treatment need","volume":"122","author":"Firestone","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2629","article-title":"The influence of head growth in fetal life, infancy, and childhood on intelligence at the ages of 4 and 8 years","volume":"118","author":"Gale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195171693.001.0001","volume-title":"Principles of Nutritional Assessment","author":"Gibson","year":"2005"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4256","article-title":"Updated Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders","volume":"138","author":"Hoyme","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0259","article-title":"A practical clinical approach to diagnosis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: clarification of the 1996 institute of medicine criteria","volume":"115","author":"Hoyme","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199004000-00003","article-title":"Craniofacial and oral manifestations of fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"85","author":"Jackson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(73)91092-1","article-title":"Recognition of the fetal alcohol syndrome in early infancy","volume":"302","author":"Jones","year":"1973","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420120102","article-title":"The fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"12","author":"Jones","year":"1975","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(99)70294-5","article-title":"The effectiveness of protraction face mask therapy: a meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"Kim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2013.03.008","article-title":"Diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS): German guideline version 2013","volume":"17","author":"Landgraf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2017.1919","article-title":"Global prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"171","author":"Lange","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C19","first-page":"830","article-title":"Children of alcoholic parents\u2013anomalies in 127 cases","volume":"25","author":"Lemoine","year":"1968","journal-title":"Arch Fr Pediatr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3319","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders","volume":"134","author":"May","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.12.023","article-title":"The continuum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in four rural communities in South Africa: prevalence and characteristics","volume":"159","author":"May","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.09.025","article-title":"The continuum of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders in a community in South Africa: Prevalence and characteristics in a fifth sample","volume":"168","author":"May","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-6-4-101","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome: anthropometric and oral health status","volume":"6","author":"Naidoo","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cji110","article-title":"Foetal alcohol syndrome: a cephalometric analysis of patients and controls","volume":"28","author":"Naidoo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C25","volume-title":"Referenzperzentile f\u00fcr anthropometrische Ma\u00dfzahlen und Blutdruck aus der Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland (KiGGS)","author":"Neuhauser","year":"2013"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/14.2.125","article-title":"The development of the PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): reliability and validity","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/14.3.180","article-title":"The PAR Index (Peer Assessment Rating): methods to determine outcome of orthodontic treatment in terms of improvement and standards","volume":"14","author":"Richmond","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.01.009","article-title":"United States head circumference growth reference charts: birth to 21 years","volume":"156","author":"Rollins","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1111\/acer.12939","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a systematic literature review including meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Roozen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alcohol Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2006.00377.x","article-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome and developing craniofacial and dental structures\u2014a review","volume":"9","author":"Sant\u2019Anna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Orthod Craniofac Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(95)70151-6","article-title":"The use of occlusal indices: a European perspective","volume":"107","author":"Shaw","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-003-0313-8","article-title":"Orthodontic findings in the deciduous and early mixed dentition\u2014inferences for a preventive strategy","volume":"64","author":"Stahl","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t2019010811180212700_agy071C33","volume-title":"Born too Soon: The Global Action Report on Preterm Birth","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"}],"container-title":["Alcohol and Alcoholism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/alcalc\/article-pdf\/54\/1\/56\/27440260\/agy071.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T08:33:38Z","timestamp":1720600418000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/alcalc\/article\/54\/1\/56\/5114352"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/alcalc\/agy071","relation":{},"ISSN":["0735-0414","1464-3502"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0735-0414","type":"print"},{"value":"1464-3502","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,3]]}}}