{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:43:45Z","timestamp":1792014225921,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI152087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI152087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Digital Cough Monitoring"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100027896","name":"Patrick J. 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We determined if any computer-aided detection product could achieve the minimum target accuracy for a tuberculosis triage test (\u2265\u200990% sensitivity and\u2009\u2265\u200970% specificity).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 3901 individuals included, the median age was 41 years (IQR, 29-54 years), 12.9% were people living with HIV, 8.2% were living with diabetes, and 21.2% had a prior history of tuberculosis. Specificity ranged from 30.9% to 73.5% at 90% sensitivity. CAD4TB achieved the highest specificity at 90% sensitivity (73.5% specific [95% CI, 71.9%-75.1%]), although qXR and INSIGHT CXR also achieved the target 70% specificity. There was heterogeneity by country and subgroup that improved with population-specific thresholds, except for people living with HIV, 50 years and older, or with a history of tuberculosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple computer-aided detection algorithms achieved the minimum target accuracy for a tuberculosis triage test among symptomatic individuals with cough. Further efforts are needed to integrate computer-aided detection into routine tuberculosis case detection programs in high-burden communities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T16:14:10Z","timestamp":1769876050000},"page":"728-736","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A multi-country head-to-head accuracy comparison of automated chest X-ray algorithms for tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8531-5567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Worodria","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"World Alliance for Lung and Intensive Care Medicine in Uganda (WALIMU) , Kampala,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and 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Antananarivo,","place":["Madagascar"]},{"name":"Centre d\u2019Infectiologie Charles M\u00e9rieux, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Antananarivo , Antananarivo,","place":["Madagascar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swati","family":"Sudarsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Francisco , San Francisco, CA,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis, University of California , San Francisco, CA,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0526-0007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred","family":"Andama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Alliance for Lung and Intensive Care Medicine in Uganda (WALIMU) , 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Hanoi,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rivo","family":"Rakotoarivelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre d\u2019Infectiologie Charles M\u00e9rieux, Universit\u00e9 d\u2019Antananarivo , Antananarivo,","place":["Madagascar"]},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Fianarantsoa , Fianarantsoa,","place":["Madagascar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9216-2415","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grant","family":"Theron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University , Stellenbosch,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute , Dasmarinas Cavite,","place":["Philippines"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7216-7067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia M","family":"Denkinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease and Tropical Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital , Heidelberg,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"German Center for Infection Research, partner site Heidelberg , Heidelberg,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon Grandjean","family":"Lapierre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunopathology Axis, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al , 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