{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T17:54:52Z","timestamp":1781891692611,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781740800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimal treatment of interstitial lung disease resulting from COVID-19 is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to investigate the effect of nintedanib, an antifibrotic medication, on interstitial lung disease in participants who survived severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial at six sites across the United States. Participants were included if they had evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection that required supplemental oxygen therapy and had interstitial lung disease (ILD) findings on chest imaging\u2009\u2265\u200930\u2009days post-infection. Participants received either nintedanib or placebo (1:1 ratio) for 180\u2009days. Primary outcome was change in forced vital capacity (FVC) at 180\u2009days; other outcomes included changes in chest computed tomography imaging (qualitative and quantitative), six-minute walk distance, and patient-reported outcome measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 103 of the planned 170 participants were randomized (51 to nintedanib; 52 to placebo); the study closed to enrollment before target sample size was met. FVC at 180\u2009days improved in both nintedanib (+147.55\u2009mL) and placebo groups (+167.72\u2009mL) but were not significantly different (difference, -20.17\u2009mL; 95% CI: -138.54 to 98.20). Similarly, six-minute walk distance, diffusing capacity, qualitative assessments of chest imaging, and patient-reported outcome measures improved in both groups. Quantitative chest imaging, as measured by data-driven textural analysis, showed no difference in fibrotic score changes for those receiving nintedanib or placebo (-4.49 vs -4.06; difference, -0.43; 95% CI: -3.34 to 2.47).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Administration of nintedanib in this limited trial did not result in improved outcomes for participants with post-COVID-19 ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T05:03:08Z","timestamp":1781845388000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nintedanib in Post-COVID Interstitial Lung Disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Susan K","family":"Mathai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas Center for Advanced Lung Disease, , Dallas, TX; Texas A&M University College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean J","family":"Callahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Department of Internal Medicine, , Chapel Hill, NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Population Health Science and Policy, , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avanthika","family":"Wynn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emory School of Medicine Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, , Atlanta, GA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan O","family":"Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, , Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stacey-Ann","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Suresh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilia","family":"Bagiella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Population Health Science and Policy, , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Najla","family":"Abdurrahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditi","family":"Mathur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hackensack University Medical Center , Hackensack, NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jigna","family":"Zatakia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Moquete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"InCHOIR Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy L","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc , Ridgefield, CT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peidi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc , Ridgefield, CT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Czinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Population Health Science and Policy, , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ani","family":"Cotarlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Valenza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Santibanez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas Jefferson University , Philadelphia, PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc , Ridgefield, CT"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Humphries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health , Denver, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Lynch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Jewish Health , Denver, CO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria L","family":"Padilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]]},"container-title":["Annals of the American Thoracic 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