{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:00:26Z","timestamp":1781632826824,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Paraseptal emphysema (PSE) is often underrecognized because it has minimal impact on pulmonary function. Recent studies suggest its frequent coexistence with interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) and potential clinical significance, yet population-based data on its prevalence and prognostic impact remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the associations between visual emphysema subtypes and ILA, and to evaluate the prognostic impact of ILA in individuals with emphysema subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 5,059 participants from Age Gene\/Environment Susceptibility Reykjavik Study. Emphysema was classified as no emphysema, pure PSE, mixed emphysema, or pure centrilobular emphysema (CLE), and ILA as no ILA, indeterminate ILA, or ILA. Associations were assessed using multivariable logistic regression, and all-cause mortality was evaluated with Kaplan\u2013Meier and Cox proportional hazards analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pure PSE prevalence is 5.0%. Pure PSE (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.30-7.42) and mixed emphysema (adjusted OR, 5.07; 95% CI, 3.71-6.92) were associated with ILA, whereas pure CLE was not. Over a mean follow-up time of 8.3\u2009\u00b1\u20092.6\u2009years, mixed emphysema was linked to increased mortality compared with no emphysema (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.47; 95% CI, 1.29-1.67). PSE severity was not significantly associated with ILA prevalence or with prognosis. Among PSE and CLE participants, ILA prevalence increased mortality risk (adjusted HR, 1.48 and 1.44, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our large, longitudinal cohort, pure PSE or mixed emphysema is strongly associated with ILA. ILA was consistently associated with increased mortality regardless of emphysema subtype. These findings support the importance of assessing ILA in patients with emphysema as a key marker for risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:46:00Z","timestamp":1781631960000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paraseptal Emphysema and Interstitial Lung Abnormalities in AGES-Reykjavik Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Yuki","family":"Ko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Gudmundsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iceland Faculty of Medicine, , Reykjavik,","place":["Iceland"]},{"name":"Landspitali University Hospital Department of Respiratory Medicine, , Reykjavik,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiki","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"},{"name":"The Jikei University School of Medicine Department of Radiology, , Tokyo,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusei","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"},{"name":"Kyushu University Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, , Fukuoka,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Hino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, , Fukuoka,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akinori","family":"Hata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, , Osaka,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel K","family":"Putman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heida","family":"Bjarnadottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iceland Faculty of Medicine, , Reykjavik,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valborg","family":"Gudmundsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iceland Faculty of Medicine, , Reykjavik,","place":["Iceland"]},{"name":"Icelandic Heart Association , Kopavogur,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mizuki","family":"Nishino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David C","family":"Christiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Pulmonary and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, , Boston, MA"},{"name":"Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health Department of Environmental Health, , Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilmundur","family":"Gudnason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iceland Faculty of Medicine, , Reykjavik,","place":["Iceland"]},{"name":"Icelandic Heart Association , Kopavogur,","place":["Iceland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary M","family":"Hunninghake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroto","family":"Hatabu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, , Boston, MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"container-title":["Annals of the American Thoracic Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag165\/68535968\/aaoag165.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag165\/68535968\/aaoag165.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:46:01Z","timestamp":1781631961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annalsats\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag165\/8709105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annalsats\/aaoag165","relation":{},"ISSN":["2325-6621"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2325-6621","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"article-number":"aaoag165"}}