{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T04:28:34Z","timestamp":1791433714898,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]],"date-time":"2021-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616025600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Epoxy resins are extremely versatile products that are widely used in construction for coatings, adhesives, primers, and sealers. Occupational exposures to epoxies cause allergic contact dermatitis, occupational asthma, hypersensitivity pneumonitis (epoxy-resin lung) and acute decline in lung function. Despite these health concerns, there is a striking paucity of quantitative exposure data to epoxy resins in construction. The lack of practical analytical methods and suitable personal samplers for monitoring of reactive two-component epoxide systems in real-world applications has been an unmet challenge for decades. Sampling and analysis methods for epoxies should be able to collect the paint aerosols efficiently, stop polymerization reactions at the time of sample collection, and subsequently provide detailed multispecies characterization of epoxides, as well as the total epoxide group (TEG) content of a sample, to properly document the chemical composition of exposures to epoxide paints.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In this work, we present the development and application of two new complementary quantitative analytical methods\u2014liquid chromatography\u2013tandem mass spectrometry with online ultraviolet detection and ion chromatography (IC)\u2014for multispecies characterization of raw products, as well as inhalation and skin exposures to epoxy formulations in real-world construction applications. A novel personal sampler, CIP-10MI, was used for personal sampling of airborne epoxies. We report for the first time the results of personal inhalation and potential skin exposures to individual monomers and oligomers of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE), as well as TEG, during metal structure coatings in construction; compare analytical results of the two analytical methods; and provide recommendations for method selection in future field studies. High inhalation and potential skin exposures to epoxies point to the need for interventions to reduce exposures among painters in construction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxaa138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,23]],"date-time":"2020-12-23T14:58:12Z","timestamp":1608735492000},"page":"539-553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Characterization and Quantitation of Personal Exposures to Epoxy Paints in Construction Using a Combination of Novel Personal Samplers and Analytical Techniques: CIP-10MI, Liquid Chromatography\u2013Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Ion Chromatography"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Yalong","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kennedy College of Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Olney Hall 525, One University Ave. Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anila","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 61 Wilder St., O'Leary 540D, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2402-5651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhimiter","family":"Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 883 Broadway Street, Dugan Hall 108C, Lowell, MA 01854, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021122403421043700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12445","article-title":"Occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by epoxy chemicals: occupations, sensitizing products, and diagnosis","volume":"73","author":"Aalto-Korte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"2021122403421043700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/cod.12280","article-title":"Contact allergy to epoxy hardeners","volume":"71","author":"Aalto-Korte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"2021122403421043700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0536.2012.02072.x","article-title":"Contact allergy to epoxy resin: risk occupations and consequences","volume":"67","author":"Bangsgaard","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contact Dermatitis"},{"key":"2021122403421043700_CIT0004","volume-title":"Evaluation of the DAN method for the determination of total reactive isocyanate group: phase III-LC-MS\/MS analytical finish and field testing","author":"Bello","year":"2013"},{"key":"2021122403421043700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1080\/15428110208984769","article-title":"Field comparison of impingers and treated filters for sampling of total aliphatic isocyanates with the MAP reagent","volume":"63","author":"Bello","year":"2002","journal-title":"AIHA J"},{"key":"2021122403421043700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1039\/b110613a","article-title":"Evaluation of the NIOSH draft method 5525 for determination of the total reactive isocyanate group (TRIG) for aliphatic isocyanates in autobody repair shops. 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