{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T22:48:47Z","timestamp":1740178127255,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences, Inc"},{"name":"Office of Naval Research Defense University Research Instrumentation Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>There is an increasing need for exposure data to enable more precise information for risk estimates and improved public health protection. While personal monitoring data are preferred, it is often difficult to collect due to the resources needed to complete a human research study. In this study, we successfully programmed a robotic arm to mimic human use (spraying) of a fabric crafts protector (FCP) and human cleaning (spraying and wiping) of a glass pane with glass cleaner (GC). The robot was then used in place of human subjects to assess inhalation exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during the use of the FCP and GC. Air sampling data were collected while the robot used the products to estimate personal exposures to VOCs. Average VOC concentrations were 1.57 ppm for FCP spraying and 0.17 ppm for GC spraying and wiping. During FCP spraying, average acetone concentrations were 0.88 ppm and average isopropyl alcohol concentrations were 0.26 ppm. During GC spraying and wiping, average 2-butoxyethanol concentrations were 0.15 ppm. Air sampling data were found to be within the range of data reported in the literature during human use of similar glass cleaning products. No data was found in the literature during use of fabric protector spray products. This study contributes exposure measurement data with detailed contextual information to help characterize inhalation exposures during the use of 2 spray products. In addition, the study offers a systematic, efficient method for generating exposure data which can be used to improve health and safety risk assessments used for public health protection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxad049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T15:14:58Z","timestamp":1693926898000},"page":"979-989","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Estimating exposures from spray products using robotic simulations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7503-2400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mi K","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences Inc. , 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ 08801 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences Inc. , 1545 Route 22 East, Annandale, NJ 08801 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jee-Eun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Human Centered Robotics Lab, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin , 2617 Wichita Dr. C0600, Lab 4.108, Austin, TX 78712 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Sentis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Human Centered Robotics Lab, Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Texas at Austin , 2617 Wichita Dr. C0600, Lab 4.108, Austin, TX 78712 , United States"},{"name":"Cofounder of Apptronik , 11701 Stonehollow 4, STE 150, Austin, TX 78758 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia I","family":"Maberti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ExxonMobil Biomedical Sciences Inc. , 22777 Springwoods Village Pkwy, Spring, TX 77389 , United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"2022 TLVs and BEIs: based on the documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices","year":"2022","author":"ACGIH\u00ae","key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0001"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0002","first-page":"125","article-title":"Determinants of exposure to 2-butoxyethanol from cleaning tasks: a quasi-experimental study","volume-title":"Ann Occup Hyg","author":"Bello","year":"2013"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0003","first-page":"76","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of airborne exposures generated during common cleaning tasks: a pilot study","volume-title":"Environ Health","author":"Bello","year":"2010"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0004","article-title":"Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment","volume-title":"Chapter R.8: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for human health. Version 2.1","author":"[ECHA] European Chemicals Agency","year":"2012"},{"volume-title":"Compendium of methods for the determination of toxic organic compounds in ambient air, second edition: compendium method to-15 determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air collected in specially-prepared canisters and analyzed by gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry (GC\/MS)","year":"1999","author":"[EPA] Environmental Protection Agency","key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0005"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0007","first-page":"784","article-title":"Exploring the utility of robots in exposure studies","volume-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol","author":"Feld-Cook","year":"2021"},{"volume-title":"Exposure science in the 21st century: a vision and a strategy","year":"2012","author":"National Research Council","key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0008"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0009","volume-title":"Alcohols IV: Method 1403, Issue 3. In: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods","author":"[NIOSH] National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","year":"2003","edition":"4th ed."},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0010","first-page":"179","article-title":"Cleaning products and air fresheners: emissions and resulting concentrations of glycol ethers and terpenoids","volume-title":"Indoor Air","author":"Singer","year":"2006"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0011","first-page":"580","article-title":"Occupational exposure to 2-butoxyethanol for workers using window cleaning agents","volume-title":"Appl Occup Environ Hyg","author":"Vincent","year":"1993"},{"key":"2023092220311111900_CIT0012","first-page":"907","article-title":"How accurate and reliable are exposure models","volume-title":"Ann Work Exp Health","author":"Wouter","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["Annals of Work Exposures and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annweh\/article-pdf\/67\/8\/979\/51721256\/wxad049.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annweh\/article-pdf\/67\/8\/979\/51721256\/wxad049.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T20:32:34Z","timestamp":1695414754000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annweh\/article\/67\/8\/979\/7260548"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annweh\/wxad049","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-7308","2398-7316"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2398-7308"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2398-7316"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]]}}}