{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T22:39:36Z","timestamp":1793399976801,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]],"date-time":"2024-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712793600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MCIN\/AEI\/10.13039\/501100011033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015843","name":"Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#315556"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#315556"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to explore the association between arm elevation and neck\/shoulder pain, and trunk forwarding bending and low back pain among home care workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Home care workers (N = 116) from 11 home care units in Trondheim, Norway, filled in pain assessment and working hours questionnaire, and wore 3 accelerometers for up to 7 consecutive days. Work time was partitioned into upright awkward posture, nonawkward posture, and nonupright time, i.e. sitting. Within a compositional approach framework, posture time compositions were expressed in terms of log-ratio coordinates for statistical analysis and modeling. Poisson generalized linear mixed models were used to analyze the relationship between arm elevation in upright postures and neck\/shoulder pain, and between trunk forward bending in upright postures and low back pain, respectively. Isotemporal substitution analysis was used to investigate the association of pain assessment with the reallocation of time spent in the different postures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Time spent in awkward postures was modest, especially for the more extreme angles (60\u00b0 and 90\u00b0). Adjusting for age, gender, and body mass index, our study suggested that the compositions of time spent by home care workers in awkward postures were significantly associated with pain assessment (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Isotemporal substitution analysis showed that reallocating 5 min from upright posture with arms elevated below to above 60\u00b0 and 90\u00b0 was associated with a 6.8% and 19.9% increase in the neck\/shoulder pain score, respectively. Reallocating 5 min from a forward bending posture while upright below to above 30\u00b0, 60\u00b0, and 90\u00b0 was associated with 1.8%, 3.5%, and 4.0% increase in low back pain, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the exposure to awkward postures was modest, our results showed an association between increased time spent in awkward postures and an increase in neck\/shoulder pain and low back pain in home care workers. As musculoskeletal pain is the leading cause of sickness absence, these findings suggest that home care units could benefit from re-organizing work to avoid excessive arm elevation and trunk forward bending in workers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxae027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T19:37:53Z","timestamp":1711481873000},"page":"522-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between musculoskeletal pain and exposures to awkward postures during work: a compositional analysis approach"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"68","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8951-9487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik Kl\u00e6boe","family":"Lohne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Edvard Griegs gate 8, 7030, Trondheim , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Edvard Griegs gate 8, 7030, Trondheim , Norway"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Miyun District Hospital , Yanguang Street, 383, 101500, Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius Steiro","family":"Fimland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Edvard Griegs gate 8, 7030, Trondheim , Norway"},{"name":"Unicare Helsefort Rehabilitation Centre , Hysnesveien 11, 7112, Rissa , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Palarea-Albaladejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Sciences, Applied Mathematics and Statistics, University of Girona , Carrer Universitat de Girona 6, 17003, Girona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Skender","family":"Redzovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology , Edvard Griegs gate 8, 7030, Trondheim , Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024072915512476600_CIT0001","first-page":"246","article-title":"Physical workload and risk of long-term sickness absence in the general working population and among blue-collar workers: prospective cohort study with register follow-up","volume-title":"Occup Environ Med","author":"Andersen","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024072915512476600_CIT0002","first-page":"287","article-title":"Combined ergonomic exposures and development of musculoskeletal pain in the general working population: a prospective cohort study","volume-title":"Scand J Work Environ Health","author":"Andersen","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024072915512476600_CIT0003","first-page":"741","article-title":"Action levels for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in the neck and upper extremities: a proposal","volume-title":"Ann. 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