{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T16:26:48Z","timestamp":1773160008679,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015812","name":"Universidad Militar Nueva Granada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV ESS 3781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV ESS 3781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015812","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study examines occupational exposure to perchloroethylene among dry cleaning workers in Bogot\u00e1, Colombia, where its use remains prevalent despite global trends toward alternatives. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 9 workers to measure perchloroethylene exposure levels and blood concentrations. Additionally, a case\u2013control study assessed gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as biomarkers for hepatocellular damage. Workers were classified into 3 job categories: dry cleaning operators, ironers, and cold washing operators. Results indicated that dry cleaning operators experienced significantly higher exposure levels (0.72 to 7.22 ppm) compared to ironers and cold washers (0.001 to 3.39 ppm). All exposure levels were below the adjusted threshold limit of 19.58 ppm, and blood perchloroethylene concentrations were below detection limits. No significant differences in GGT and ALT levels were observed between exposed workers and the control group. Given the small sample size, further research is warranted to better understand exposure risks in this sector. Emphasizing a culture of prevention is crucial due to the carcinogenic potential of perchloroethylene, even at low environmental exposure levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/annweh\/wxaf009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T19:50:24Z","timestamp":1741290624000},"page":"453-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Personal air monitoring and biological assessment of perchloroethylene exposure in workers in the dry-cleaning industry in Bogot\u00e1, Colombia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1799-4799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maira Fernanda","family":"Zambrano Carrillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Relaciones Internacionales Estrategia y Seguridad, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada , Bogot\u00e1 ,","place":["Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"L\u00f3pez Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Relaciones Internacionales Estrategia y Seguridad, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada , Bogot\u00e1 ,","place":["Colombia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Basilico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cl\u00ednica del Trabajo \u201cLuigi Devoto\u201d, Universidad de Mil\u00e1n , Mil\u00e1n ,","place":["Italia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0001","volume-title":"TLVs\u00ae and BEIs\u00ae based on the documentation of the threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents & biological exposures indices","author":"ACGIH","year":"2024"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2015.04.020","article-title":"A method for quantification of volatile organic compounds in blood by SPME-GC-MS\/MS with broader application: From non-occupational exposure population to exposure studies","volume":"992","author":"Aranda-Rodriguez","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1021\/ac00033a011","article-title":"Determining volatile organic compounds in human blood from a large sample population by using purge and trap gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry","volume":"64","author":"Ashley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0004","volume-title":"Toxicological profile for perchloroethylene","author":"ATSDR","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0005","author":"Barreto","year":"2018"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0006","author":"Borda","year":"2021"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1080\/15459620802510866","article-title":"Systematic literature review of uses and levels of occupational exposure to tetrachloroethylene","volume":"5","author":"Gold","year":"2008","journal-title":"JOEH"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-824315-2.00839-3","volume-title":"Tetrachloroethylene. Encyclopedia of Toxicology.","author":"Greim","year":"2024","edition":"4"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0008","volume-title":"Trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and some other chlorinated agents (IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Vol. 106)","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0009","author":"ICONTEC","year":"2012","journal-title":"GTC 45: Gu\u00eda para la identificaci\u00f3n de los peligros y la valoraci\u00f3n de los riesgos en seguridad y salud ocupacional."},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0010","volume-title":"Guide for the adjustment of permissible exposure values (PEVs) for unusual work schedules","author":"IRSST","year":"2015","edition":"4"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2832","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16162832","article-title":"Evaluation of occupational exposure to perchlorethylene in a group of Italian dry cleaners using noninvasive exposure indices","volume":"16","author":"Modenese","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025042323211640000_CIT0014","author":"Veritrade","year":"2023"}],"container-title":["Annals of Work Exposures and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annweh\/article-pdf\/69\/4\/453\/62307415\/wxaf009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annweh\/article-pdf\/69\/4\/453\/62307415\/wxaf009.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T03:21:28Z","timestamp":1745464888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/annweh\/article\/69\/4\/453\/8058613"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/annweh\/wxaf009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2398-7308","2398-7316"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2398-7308","type":"print"},{"value":"2398-7316","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]}}}