{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T12:12:19Z","timestamp":1790079139566,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82360752"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82360752"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82260744"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82260744"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Guangxi Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["2025GXNSFAA069852"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025GXNSFAA069852"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mixed nitrogen (N) sources, comprising nitrate (NO3\u2212) and ammonium (NH4+), have been shown to enhance plant growth and secondary metabolite accumulation in medicinal plants; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the effects of different nitrogen treatments on Andrographis paniculata, including sole NO3\u2212 (NN), a 1:1 ratio of NO3\u2212 to NH4+ (NA1), a 1:2 ratio of NO3\u2212 to NH4+ (NA2) and sole NH4+ (AN).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatments containing NH4+ significantly increased the levels of andrographolide, 14-deoxyandrographolide and dehydroandrographolide, as well as biomass, photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE). NH4+ addition reprogrammed C and N metabolism by suppressing N assimilation and promoting sugar accumulation, suggesting that mixed N sources coordinate growth and andrographolide accumulation by enhancing PNUE. Transcriptome analysis further revealed upregulation of sulphur (S)-related metabolic pathways correlated with improved plant growth under mixed N conditions, while andrographolide biosynthesis was associated with abscisic acid (ABA) signalling. Specifically, NH4+-containing treatments upregulated key transcription factors (TFs) from the AP2\/ERF-ERF and bZIP families and downregulated MYB-related and WRKY TFs. Notably, correlation network analysis revealed that the upregulated bZIP TFs, along with ERF and CAMK_CAMKL-CHK1-related TFs, exhibited strong co-expression with andrographolide biosynthetic genes and are known transducers of ABA signalling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Integrating these findings, we propose an \u2018NH4+\u2013ABA\u2013bZIP\u2019 regulatory model that connects NH4+ nutrient to secondary metabolite production, thereby providing a foundation for further mechanistic studies on yield and quality regulation in A. paniculata.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcag158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T11:33:55Z","timestamp":1780227235000},"page":"1294-1308","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mixed nitrogen forms coordinate growth and andrographolide accumulation in\n                    <i>Andrographis paniculata<\/i>\n                    via sulphur metabolism and abscisic acid signalling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Chu","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Fen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Fen","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"National Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Inheritance and Innovation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants , Nanning 530023 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092207373739600_mcag158-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2020.101884","article-title":"Salicylic acid: an efficient elicitor of secondary metabolite production in plants","volume":"31","author":"Ali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biocatalysis and Agricultural 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