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However, other haplotypes contained a mix of both mating strategies (i.e. monoecious and dioecious). From these haplotype groupings we further examined the fully annotated mitochondrial genomes of four hemp individuals with different mt haplotypes and recorded gene content, copy number variation and synteny. Our results revealed highly syntenic mitochondrial genomes that contained ~60 identifiable sequences for protein-coding genes, tRNAs and rRNAs and no obvious rearrangements or chimeric genes. We found no clear evidence that modern reproductive patterns are due to simple cytoplasmic male sterility mutations. It is likely the interaction between nuclear genetic components and the X\/Y sex chromosomes that determines reproductive strategy. Additionally, we added 50 % more mitochondrial genomes to the publicly available repository.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plab068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,29]],"date-time":"2021-10-29T19:11:14Z","timestamp":1635534674000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Mitochondrial genomes do not appear to regulate flowering pattern\/reproductive strategy in<i>Cannabis sativa<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ziv","family":"Attia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary and Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80302, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cloe","family":"Pogoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary and Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80302, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Vergara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary and Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80302, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nolan C","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecology and Evolutionary and Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, 1900 Pleasant Street, Boulder, CO 80302, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00019","article-title":"Cannabis sativa: the plant of the thousand and one molecules","volume":"7","author":"Andre","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0002","article-title":"FastQC: a quality control tool for high throughput sequence data,","author":"Andrews","year":"2010"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a075957","article-title":"Comparative effects of gibberellin, silver nitrate and aminoethoxyvinyl glycine on sexual tendency and ethylene evolution in the cucumber plant (Cucumis sativus L.)","volume":"20","author":"Atsmon","year":"1979","journal-title":"Plant and Cell Physiology"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1105\/TPC.010116","article-title":"The PET1-CMS mitochondrial mutation in sunflower is associated with premature programmed cell death and cytochrome c release","volume":"13","author":"Balk","year":"2001","journal-title":"The Plant Cell"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021","article-title":"SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing","volume":"19","author":"Bankevich","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Computational Biology"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20130913","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.0913","article-title":"The evolution of plant reproductive systems: how often are transitions irreversible?","volume":"280","author":"Barrett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-017-2857-9","article-title":"Use of modern tomato breeding germplasm for deciphering the genetic control of agronomical traits by genome wide association study","volume":"130","author":"Bauchet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Theoretical and Applied Genetics"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0008","first-page":"11","article-title":"Beitr\u00e4ge zur Z\u00fcchtung eines ungarischen mon\u00f6zischen Hanfes und zur Kenntnis der Inzuchterscheinungen beim Hanf (Cannabis sativa L.)","volume":"39","author":"Bocsa","year":"1958","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Pflanzenz\u00fcchtung"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0009","volume-title":"Hemp cultivation: botany, varieties, cultivation and harvesting","author":"Bocsa","year":"1998"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu170","article-title":"Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data","volume":"30","author":"Bolger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2022051016480453800_CIT0011","article-title":"Sex-linked gene expression and the reversion to hermaphroditism in Carica papaya L. 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