{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T05:47:58Z","timestamp":1793512078481,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pneumothorax is a rare complication of liposuction resulting from injury to the lung parenchyma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to determine the incidence of pneumothorax complicating liposuction, describe an archetypal presentation, identify risk factors, and propose options for risk reduction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a retrospective chart review, liposuction procedures performed over a 16-year period by 8 surgeons in 1 practice were screened for pneumothorax. Cases featuring pneumothorax were analyzed to ascertain risk factors, presentation, and pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among the 16,215 liposuction procedures performed during the study period, 7 pneumothoraxes were identified (0.0432%). Six (85.7%) were female. Three (42.9%) had previous liposuction. Six cases (85.7%) included liposuction of the axillary region. All cases featured depression of intra\/postoperative oxygen saturations as the initial sign. Three (42.9%) were identified intraoperatively. All patients were transferred to a hospital for imaging. Five (71.4%) underwent chest tube placement. Two (28.6%) were treated with observation alone. Pneumothoraxes were left-sided in 4 cases (57.1%), and right-sided in 3 cases (42.9%). In early cases, 1.5-mm infiltration cannulas were used; in 2016 cannula size was changed to 3-4 mm for infiltration and 4-5 mm for liposuction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Possible risk factors for pneumothorax include liposuction of the axilla, use of flexible infiltration cannulas, and scarring from previous liposuction. We recommend including pneumothorax as a potential complication during informed consent, performing infiltration with a stiff &amp;gt;3.5-mm cannula, minimizing positive-pressure ventilation, emphasized awareness of cannula tip location in all patients but particularly in patients with previous liposuction or scar tissue, and increased caution when operating in the axillary area.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjaa029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]],"date-time":"2020-01-31T16:17:04Z","timestamp":1580487424000},"page":"753-758","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pneumothorax as a Complication of Liposuction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"James A","family":"Mentz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry A","family":"Mentz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Nemir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2020061509533614400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000179182.58036.a7","article-title":"Pneumothorax as a complication of breast augmentation","volume":"116","author":"Osborn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg."},{"issue":"4S","key":"2020061509533614400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57S","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181b53fb0","article-title":"Evidence-based patient safety advisory: patient assessment and prevention of pulmonary side effects in surgery. 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