{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:24:29Z","timestamp":1774437869418,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Auricular displacement (AD) and earlobe distortion, such as \u201cpixie ear,\u201d are commonly seen deformities after rhytidectomies. In 2018, the authors of this article published a prophylactic technique (posterior earlobe rotation flap [PERF] and concha-mastoid suspension suture [CMSS]) to prevent such cosmetic-related complications in primary facelift surgery. Here, the authors review the utilization of this technique to correct such deformities in patients receiving revision facelift surgeries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The authors sought to demonstrate the usefulness of this technique in reconstructive cases suffering from such aesthetic deformities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total 25 secondary and 15 tertiary rhytidectomies were operated between 2015 and 2018. A combination PERF\/CMSS technique was performed bilaterally during each revision facelift surgery (n\u2005=\u200580). A retrospective data analysis (preoperatively; 1 year postoperatively) was conducted to detect any deformities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>No \u201cpixie ear\u201d deformities were seen in any of our patients postoperatively. AD was detected twice and unilateral hypertrophic scarring once. The postoperative photometric analysis showed a natural ptosis grade I\/II in all our patients. The total rate of aesthetic-related complications in our patient cohort was 3.75% (AD: 2.5%; hypertrophic scarring: 1.25%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>After demonstrating the effectiveness of the PERF and CMSS techniques in primary facelifts, the authors reviewed the technique\u2019s effectiveness for restoring earlobe distortion and AD in secondary or tertiary rhytidectomy cases. In addition to its prophylactic utilization, this method also possesses strong reconstructive power to change tension vectors applied on the face (CMSS) and\/or to correct pre-existing aesthetic complications, such as \u201cpixie ear\u201d formation (PERF).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4<\/jats:title><jats:p\/><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjaa317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T01:27:34Z","timestamp":1607563654000},"page":"NP1355-NP1365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An Update on the Posterior Earlobe\/Concha Mastoid Suspension Suture to Correct \u201cPixie Ear\u201d Following Facelift: Review of 40 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Kai O","family":"Kaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela 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