{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:08:21Z","timestamp":1763338101620,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003559","name":"Aesthetic Surgery Education and Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003559","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As power-assisted liposuction (PAL) gains in popularity, plastic surgeons operating these devices experience occupational exposure to hand-transmitted vibration, which can result in hand-arm vibration syndrome, a debilitating neurovasculopathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective of the study was to determine vibration exposure from the utilization of a PAL device during surgery to generate recommendations for safe use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vibration emission of a commonly utilized PAL system (MicroAire-650, Surgical Instruments, Charlottesville, VA) was examined employing a vibration data logger under both controlled laboratory conditions and during 13 typical liposuction cases. Data were analyzed and compared with established safety limits of vibration exposure.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The experiments demonstrated a mean vibration magnitude of typical liposuction surgeries to be 5.69\u2005\u00b1\u20050.77 m\/s2 (range, 4.59-6.27 m\/s2), which is significantly higher than the manufacturer declared value of 3.77 m\/s2. Cannula size was shown to be the most significant contributor to vibration magnitude, with larger cannulas causing more vibration transmission.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results indicate that recommendations must be made to prevent undue occupational exposure to vibration from PAL. The MicroAire-650 can generally be safely utilized for less than 1.5 h\/d. At exposure levels &amp;gt;1.5 h\/d, there is increased risk of developing vibration-related injuries, and vibration-reducing strategies should be implemented. At exposure levels &amp;gt;6 h\/d, the safety limit is exceeded and there is significantly increased risk of developing hand-arm vibration syndrome and vibration exposure should be halted.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjaa373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,19]],"date-time":"2020-12-19T05:34:57Z","timestamp":1608356097000},"page":"783-791","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Vibration Exposure Safety Guidelines for Surgeons Using Power-Assisted Liposuction (PAL)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Chaowen","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Laswell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James A","family":"Mentz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolando","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-018-1359-7","article-title":"International consensus criteria for diagnosing and staging hand-arm vibration syndrome","volume":"92","author":"Poole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqx154","article-title":"Hand-arm vibration in orthopaedic surgery: a neglected risk","volume":"67","author":"Mahmood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Occup Med (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqz029","article-title":"Neurosensory component of hand\u2013arm vibration syndrome: a 22-year follow-up study","volume":"69","author":"Aarhus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Occup Med"},{"year":"2016","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0004"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.43.516","article-title":"Frequency weightings based on biodynamics of fingers-hand-arm system","volume":"43","author":"Dong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ind Health"},{"year":"2001","author":"The International Organization for Standardization.","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0006"},{"volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2020","author":"R Core Team.","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0007"},{"key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0008"},{"edition":"7th ed.","volume-title":"Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices","year":"2001","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0009"},{"author":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration.","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0010"},{"year":"1989","author":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0011"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s004200050316","article-title":"Exposure-response relationship in the hand-arm vibration syndrome: an overview of current epidemiology research","volume":"71","author":"Bovenzi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"volume-title":"2020 Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs)","year":"2020","author":"American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0013"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1054\/jhsb.2001.0633","article-title":"Vibration damage to the hand: clinical presentation, prognosis and length and severity of vibration required","volume":"26","author":"Frid\u00e9n","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Br"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-010-0549-8","article-title":"A longitudinal study of peripheral sensory function in vibration-exposed workers","volume":"84","author":"Bovenzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2016.08.012","article-title":"Effects of power tool vibration on peripheral nerve endings","volume":"62","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Ind Ergon"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1080\/15287394.2015.1104272","article-title":"Long-term daily vibration exposure alters current perception threshold (CPT) sensitivity and myelinated axons in a rat-tail model of vibration-induced injury","volume":"79","author":"Krajnak","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health A"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.MS1378","article-title":"Frequency-dependent effects of vibration on physiological systems: experiments with animals and other human surrogates","volume":"50","author":"Krajnak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.21235","article-title":"Persistent reduction of conduction velocity and myelinated axon damage in vibrated rat tail nerves","volume":"39","author":"Loffredo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ergon.2007.10.008","article-title":"Nerve damage occurs at a wide range of vibration frequencies","volume":"38","author":"Govindaraju","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Ind Ergon"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20379","article-title":"Vibration-induced disruption of retrograde axoplasmic transport in peripheral nerve","volume":"32","author":"Yan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20578","article-title":"Comparison of continuous and intermittent vibration effects on rat-tail artery and nerve","volume":"34","author":"Govindaraju","year":"2006","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.20081","article-title":"Neuropathological changes in vibration injury: an experimental study","volume":"25","author":"Matloub","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700120106","article-title":"High vascular tone but no obliterative lesions in vibration white fingers","volume":"12","author":"Ekenvall","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Ind Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1243\/PIME_PROC_1992_206_274_02","article-title":"Acute vibration\u2013its effect on digital blood flow by central and local mechanisms","volume":"206","author":"Greenstein","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Inst Mech Eng H"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.MS1379","article-title":"Frequency-dependence of psychophysical and physiological responses to hand-transmitted vibration","volume":"50","author":"Griffin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ind Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3233\/OER-160235","article-title":"Tool-specific performance of vibration-reducing gloves for attenuating fingers-transmitted vibration","volume":"13","author":"Welcome","year":"2016","journal-title":"Occup Ergon"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0028","first-page":"43","article-title":"Assessment of hand-transmitted vibration exposure from motorized forks used for beach-cleaning operations","volume":"57","author":"McDowell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022112918404174500_CIT0029","first-page":"193","article-title":"Evaluation of anti-vibration effectiveness of glove materials using an animal model","volume":"21","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed Mater Eng"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Surgery Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/asj\/sjaa373\/34962021\/sjaa373.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/41\/7\/783\/47416626\/sjaa373.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/41\/7\/783\/47416626\/sjaa373.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T19:01:23Z","timestamp":1669748483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article\/41\/7\/783\/6041431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/asj\/sjaa373","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1090-820X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1527-330X"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]}}}