{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T02:15:31Z","timestamp":1790043331252,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,9]],"date-time":"2021-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nasal filler placement is associated with a high risk of blindness. The arterial supply to the upper nose overlaying the nasal bones is poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to visualize and analyze the deployment of the ophthalmic and facial angiosomes in the upper nose to help prevent blindness following nasal filler injections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The arterial systems of 62 cadaveric heads were filled with lead oxide contrast agent, and computed tomography (CT) images were acquired and reconstructed in 3 dimensions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-six of the cadaveric noses examined demonstrated clear CT images of the facial and ophthalmic angiosomes in the upper nose. The Type 1 upper nose (15.4%) is supplied by 2 independent ophthalmic angiosomes that communicate indirectly through a choke anastomosis. The Type 2 upper nose (38.5%) is supplied by 2 ophthalmic angiosomes with a true anastomosis between them. The Type 3 upper nose (46.1%) is supplied by both ophthalmic and facial angiosomes with true anastomoses across the dorsal midline. These true anastomoses are mediated by the radix arcade in 46% of the noses and involve the dorsal nasal artery in 65% of the cases. The anastomoses all cross the upper dorsal midline and are directly linked to the ophthalmic angiosome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The deployment and anastomosis of the facial and ophthalmic angiosomes in the upper nose fall into 3 major patterns. About 85% of the noses have true anastomotic arteries that cross the upper dorsal midline and are directly linked to the ophthalmic circulation. Dorsum filler injection poses a significant risk of blindness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjab003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T23:46:10Z","timestamp":1616802370000},"page":"NP1975-NP1985","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Deployment of the Ophthalmic and Facial Angiosomes in the Upper Nose Overlaying the Nasal Bones"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Bing","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Radiology, Guang Dong Second Provincial General Hospital , Guangzhou City , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Radiology, Guang Dong Second Provincial General Hospital , Guangzhou City , 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