{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T18:50:21Z","timestamp":1788547821141,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,28]],"date-time":"2021-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bellus Medical"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although ablative techniques are the standard of care for the treatment of fine lines and wrinkles, microneedling offers a minimally invasive alternative.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of microneedling on facial and neck fine lines and wrinkles.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-five subjects between 44 and 65 years old with Fitzpatrick skin types I to IV received 4 monthly microneedling treatments over the face and neck. Subjects returned 1 and 3 months posttreatment. At every visit, high-resolution ultrasonography and optical coherence tomography were performed, and transepidermal water loss and skin elasticity were measured. Microbiopsies (0.33 mm) were collected pretreatment, before the fourth treatment and 3 months posttreatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thirty-two subjects (30 females, 2 males) completed all 7 visits. Facial dermal and epidermal density increased 101.86% and 19.28%, respectively, from baseline at 3 months posttreatment. Facial elasticity increased 28.2% from baseline at 3 months posttreatment. Facial attenuation coefficient increased 15.65% and 17.33% at 1 and 3 months posttreatment, respectively. At study completion, blood flow at a depth of 300 \u00b5m decreased 25.8% in the face and 42.3% in the neck. Relative collagen type III and elastin gene expression was statistically higher 3 months posttreatment. However, total elastin protein levels were unchanged from baseline values. Dermal muscle formation was observed in 58% of biopsies extracted 3 months posttreatment compared with 15.3% at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results illustrate the effects of microneedling treatments. Noninvasive measurements and biopsy data showed changes in skin architecture and collagen\/elastin gene expression, suggesting skin rejuvenation, with new extracellular matrix production and muscle formation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 3<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjab052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T11:51:39Z","timestamp":1614772299000},"page":"NP1603-NP1618","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A Single-Center Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Four Microneedling Treatments on Fine Lines and Wrinkles of Facial and Neck Skin in Subjects With Fitzpatrick Skin Types I-IV: An Objective Assessment Using Noninvasive Devices and 0.33-mm Microbiopsies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Christine E","family":"Wamsley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikaela","family":"Kislevitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital , Washington, DC , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Barillas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"Basci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Kandagatla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Hitchcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crown Laboratories, Inc. , Johnson City, TN , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8880-9821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yucel","family":"Akgul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Kenkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022122411025047100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2017.06.006","article-title":"Microneedling: where do we stand now? 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