{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T13:24:40Z","timestamp":1791897880883,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>During rhytidectomies, the cervical branch of the facial nerve (CBFN) can easily be encountered, and potentially injured, when releasing the cervical retaining ligaments in the lateral neck. This nerve has been shown to occasionally co-innervate the depressor anguli oris muscle, and damage to it can thus potentially compromise outcomes with a postoperative palsy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The authors sought to examine the lateral cervical anatomy specific to the CBFN to ascertain if the position of the nerve can be predicted, thereby enhancing safety of the platysmal flap separation and dissection from this lateral zone of adhesion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eleven cadaveric hemifaces were dissected, and the distance between the medial border of sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) and the CBFN was measured at 3 key points: (1) superior: the distance between the SCM and the nerve at the level of the angle of the mandible in neutral; (2) narrowest: the narrowest distance measurable between the superior and inferior points as the CBFN descends into the neck medial to the SCM; and (3) inferior: the distance at the most distal part of the cervical nerve identified before its final intramuscular course.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The average distances (in mms) were as follows: superior\u2009=\u200912.1 (range, 10.1-15.4), narrowest\u2009=\u20098.8 (range, 5.6-12.2), and inferior\u2009=\u200910.9 (range, 7.9-16.7).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is a narrow range between the nerve and the anterior border of SCM. We thus propose a safe corridor where lateral deep-plane dissection can be performed to offer cervical retaining ligament release, with reduced risk of endangering the CBFN.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjab207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]],"date-time":"2021-04-27T08:22:34Z","timestamp":1619511754000},"page":"NP93-NP98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Defining a Safe Corridor of Cervical Branch Preservation in Lateral Platysmaplasty Surgery During Facial Rejuvenation Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1793-2982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William L E","family":"Malins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthetics, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Dr Malins is a core training doctor, , Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamish","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Dr Walker is a core training doctor, , Wirral, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Guirguis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Northumbria Specialist Emergency Care Hospital Dr Guirguis is a core training doctor, , Cramlington, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Riaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spire Hull and East Riding Hospital Dr Riaz is a consultant plastic surgeon, , Hull, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel B","family":"Saleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Dr Saleh is a consultant plastic surgeon, , Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1001\/archfacial.qps00002.63","article-title":"Tord Skoog face-lift innovator","volume":"3","author":"Zimbler","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjw274","article-title":"Characterization of the cervical retaining ligaments during subplatysmal facelift dissection and its implications","volume":"37","author":"Jacono","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199003000-00001","article-title":"Corset 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\u201cmarginal mandibular nerve pseudo-paralysis\u201d in patients undergoing face lift","volume":"111","author":"Daane","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31824a2d8c","article-title":"The platysma window: an anatomically safe, efficient, and easily reproducible approach to neck contour in the face lift","volume":"129","author":"Cruz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy150","article-title":"Cervical branch of facial nerve: an explanation for recurrent platysma\u2009bands\u2009following necklift\u2009and\u2009platysmaplasty","volume":"39","author":"Sinno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.2009.82","article-title":"Defining the facial extent of the platysma muscle a review of 71 consecutive face-lifts","volume":"11","author":"Shah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Archn Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022112410193794100_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s13193-011-0121-3","article-title":"Anatomic variations of the marginal mandibular nerve","volume":"3","author":"Balagopal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Surg Oncol"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Surgery 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