{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T20:16:33Z","timestamp":1790367393253,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Midface skeletal changes through aging have been conceptualized as a clockwise rotation relative to the cranial base. This finding is mainly supported by cross-sectional population studies based on comparisons between groups of individuals in different age ranges. Few papers have evaluated the intra-individual evolution of the facial skeleton, and those that have included only a limited number of patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The authors sought to analyze the intra-individual evolution of the facial skeleton.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study including patients who underwent 2 separate facial computed tomography scans (T1 and T2) with a minimum gap of 7 years. Employing 3-dimensional reconstructions, we measured and compared 7 facial angles (glabellar, orbital, piriform, maxillary, subdental, chin, gonial) and 6 facial distances (lacrimal crest, orbital floor, piriform, zygoma, labiomental, gnathion) on both computed tomography scans.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 56 patients (29 males and 27 females) were included. Mean ages at T1 and T2 were 50 and 59 y, respectively. We found a significant decrease between T1 and T2 in facial angles at the midface (glabella, orbital, piriform, and maxillary angles, all P &amp;lt; 0.0001). We found a significant increase in all facial distances between T1 and T2 for the overall population and for men (all P &amp;lt; 0.05). For women, all distances increased, but only piriform and zygoma distances showed significant changes (P &amp;lt; 0.001 and P &amp;lt; 0.04, respectively). Bone remodeling appeared earlier in women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study confirms the clockwise rotation of the midface during aging. This finding could lead to a better understanding of aesthetic medicine practices.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjab228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T15:08:57Z","timestamp":1621264137000},"page":"NP1907-NP1915","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Intra-Individual Aging of the Facial Skeleton"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Eug\u00e9nie","family":"Fourgeot","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"APHM, Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, La Conception University Hospital , Marseille , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Graillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, LBA, La Conception University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Marseille , 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