{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T10:21:13Z","timestamp":1788517273758,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Preservation rhinoplasty (PR) is an evolving philosophy.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The open approach was initially utilized, but the author felt a closed approach might be of benefit in certain patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total 162 primary rhinoplasty cases were studied retrospectively between May and November 2020. One hundred cases had at least 1 year of follow-up. Patients had follow-up at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery. Technical details were recorded, including dissection planes, preservation of the dorsum (DP) vs component reductions, surface vs foundational DP techniques, and open vs closed approach.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>One hundred patients had at least 1 year of follow-up. Fifty-six patients underwent an open approach and 44 a closed approach. Eighty-three patients had preservation of the dorsal soft tissue envelope. All patients who underwent a closed approach had preservation of the dorsal soft tissue envelope. Sixty-seven patients underwent DP, with 38 receiving surface techniques and 29 undergoing impaction techniques. Thirty-three patients underwent structural rhinoplasty with piezoelectric osteotomies and mid-vault reconstruction. All structural cases were performed employing an open approach. Four revision surgeries were necessary.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Open and closed approaches have indications depending on the tip and dorsal deformities. A closed PR is favored with thin skin, minimal dorsal modification, osseocartilaginous preservation (foundation techniques), less complex tip deformities, and overprojected noses. An open PR is favored for extensive dorsal modification, S-shaped nasal bones, complex tip deformities, and tip augmentation. Structural dorsal rhinoplasty is always conducted open and preferred for complex dorsal deformities and severe septal deviations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjac074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]],"date-time":"2022-04-20T18:34:14Z","timestamp":1650479654000},"page":"990-1008","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Preservation Rhinoplasty: Open or Closed?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Aaron M","family":"Kosins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of PlasticSurgery, University of California , Irvine, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz107","article-title":"Decision making in preservation rhinoplasty: a 100 case-series with 1 year follow-up","volume":"40","author":"Kosins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsc.2020.09.004","article-title":"Piezoelectric osteotomies in dorsal preservation rhinoplasty","volume":"29","author":"Goksel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0003","volume-title":"Teorhinoplasty: A Minimalist 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ressessed","volume":"38","author":"Saban","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X13478968","article-title":"Rhinoplasty: surface aesthetics and surgical techniques","volume":"33","author":"Cakir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0016","first-page":"141","article-title":"The learning curve of preservation rhinoplasty.","volume-title":"Preservation Rhinoplasty","author":"Finocchi","year":"2018","edition":"1"},{"key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0017","volume-title":"Structure Rhinoplasty: Lessons Learned in 30 Years","author":"Toriumi","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022082414090059900_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1678578","article-title":"Open piezo preservation rhinoplasty: a case report of the new rhinoplasty 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