{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T08:16:29Z","timestamp":1778228189653,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Standardized photographic recording and anatomic evaluation are crucial to refined and comprehensive preoperative design and enhanced aesthetic effect of female genital cosmetic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The authors aim to propose a standard photographic scheme and physical examination form for the anatomical assessment of patients undergoing female genital surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The scheme containing 2 positions (standing and lithotomy positions) and 11 views (1 frontal and 2 oblique views from standing position; 6 frontal views with labia minora open and closed, pulled to the opposite side, clitoral hood pushed up, posterior fourchette stretched; 2 oblique views from lithotomy position) (2P11V) is applied to record pre- and postoperative appearance of the vulva. The evaluation form is utilized to record characteristics of different anatomical subunits during photography.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Two hundred forty-five patients who underwent female genital surgery were enrolled in the research from October 2018 to October 2022. All the patients received preoperative and postoperative 2P11V photography with about 5-minutes\u2019 shooting time. Various anatomical variations containing hypertrophy and prolapse of mons pubis, redundant types of labia minora and clitoral hood, incremental exposure of clitoral glans, hypo- to hypertrophy of labia majora, disappearance of interlabial groove, hypertrophy of posterior fourchette, and relation of subunits were accurately documented.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>2P11V photographic scheme displays the isolated features of each organ and proportion relation among different parts of vulva. The standard photographic record and physical examination form offer detailed anatomical structure to surgeons and facilitate surgeons to carry out an accurate surgical design, which deserve to be promoted and applied.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjad127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]],"date-time":"2023-05-04T11:35:57Z","timestamp":1683200157000},"page":"1334-1344","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Standardized Photography of Female Genitalia and Anatomical Evaluations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4942-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanbo","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zenan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sifan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nanze","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhifei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0209-9422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feng","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingzi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200204010-00035","article-title":"Digital photography for rhinoplasty","volume":"109","author":"Galdino","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy017","article-title":"Guidelines for the standardization of genital photography","volume":"38","author":"Joumblat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31818a9b25","article-title":"Aesthetic labia minora and clitoral hood reduction using extended central wedge resection","volume":"122","author":"Alter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-013-0149-6","article-title":"Composite reduction labiaplasty","volume":"37","author":"Gress","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-01867-z","article-title":"L-shaped incision in composite reduction labiaplasty","volume":"44","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000008589","article-title":"Three-step excision: an easy way for composite labia minora and lateral clitoral hood reduction","volume":"148","author":"Xia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1472","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-022-02841-7","article-title":"Trilobal methods for composite reduction labiaplasty","volume":"46","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000000516","article-title":"Aesthetic surgery of the female genitalia: labiaplasty and beyond","volume":"134","author":"Hamori","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjv092","article-title":"Labia minora, labia majora, and clitoral hood alteration: experience-based recommendations","volume":"36","author":"Hunter","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197703000-00009","article-title":"Making uniform photographic records in plastic surgery","volume":"59","author":"Morello","year":"1977","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e318262f57d","article-title":"Pubic contouring after massive weight loss in men and women: correction of hidden penis, mons ptosis, and labia majora enlargement","volume":"130","author":"Alter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387-","DOI":"10.1080\/2000656X.2022.2061500","article-title":"Puboplasty as an integral step in massive weight loss abdominal contouring: a retrospective assessment of results, stability, and patients\u2019 satisfaction","volume":"56","author":"Simone","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Plast Surg Hand Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-017-0786-2","article-title":"Infrapubic liposuction for penile length augmentation in patients with infrapubic adiposities","volume":"41","author":"Ghanem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.esxm.2021.100406","article-title":"Sutureless laser labiaplasty of labia minora","volume":"9","author":"Bizjak-Ogrinc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Med"},{"issue":"1s Suppl 1","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S17","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002803","article-title":"Outcomes after central wedge labiaplasty performed under general versus local anesthesia","volume":"87","author":"Nwaoz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X13494755","article-title":"Posterior wedge resection: a more aesthetic labiaplasty","volume":"33","author":"Kelishadi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-021-02137-2","article-title":"A new modified labiaplasty combined with wedge de-epithelialization on the medial side and edge resection","volume":"45","author":"Jiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2021.01.015","article-title":"Surgical technique and outcomes of inverted-Y plasty procedure in clitoral hoodoplasty operations","volume":"28","author":"Eserdag","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Minim Invasive Gynecol"},{"issue":"6S Suppl 5","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S286","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001028","article-title":"The horseshoe labiaplasty: problems and pearls","volume":"78","author":"Oppenheimer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjv002","article-title":"The safety of aesthetic labiaplasty: a plastic surgery experience","volume":"35","author":"Lista","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-014-0428-x","article-title":"Aesthetic labia minora reduction with combined wedge-edge resection: a modified approach of labiaplasty","volume":"39","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001395","article-title":"Labiaplasty: a 24-month experience in 58 patients: outcomes and statistical analysis","volume":"80","author":"Surroca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B23","first-page":"163","article-title":"Hipertrofia de ninfas","volume":"103","author":"Franco","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Bras Ginecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001000","article-title":"Vaginal labiaplasty: current practices and a simplified classification system for labial protrusion","volume":"135","author":"Motakef","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjac039","article-title":"Fused lateral clitoral hood and labia minora: new classification based on anatomic variation of the clitoral hood-labia minora complex and simple surgical management","volume":"42","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz287","article-title":"Anterior and posterior commissuroplasty: taking labiaplasty to the next level","volume":"40","author":"Turin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200110000-00037","article-title":"Standardizing digital photography: it\u2019s not all in the eye of the beholder","volume":"108","author":"Galdino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anplas.2017.07.019","article-title":"Three-dimensional imaging, an important factor of decision in breast augmentation","volume":"63","author":"de Runz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Chir Plast Esthet"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2019.06.014","article-title":"One-step facial feminization surgery: the importance of a custom-made preoperative planning and patient satisfaction assessment","volume":"72","author":"La Padula","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023101319172712700_sjad127-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.03.007","article-title":"Medically indicated labiaplasty in a case of recurrent labial hair thread tourniquet syndrome in a premenarchal girl","volume":"34","author":"Adjei","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Surgery Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/asj\/sjad127\/50599167\/sjad127.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/43\/11\/1334\/52078315\/sjad127.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/43\/11\/1334\/52078315\/sjad127.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T19:17:34Z","timestamp":1697224654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article\/43\/11\/1334\/7151261"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/asj\/sjad127","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-820X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-330X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,4]]}}}