{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:58:09Z","timestamp":1790740689492,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The existing literature is conflicted on whether nasal deviation is primarily attributable to trauma or the result of asymmetric facial development.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of nasal trauma and facial asymmetry in patients undergoing rhinoplasty, and to determine if a correlation exists between the laterality of facial asymmetry and nasal deviation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective review was undertaken of patients who had undergone primary rhinoplasty with the senior author over a 12-month period. Patient charts were reviewed and clinical photographs were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 144 patients underwent rhinoplasty over the study period; 68 patients underwent revision rhinoplasty and were excluded. Of the 76 patients who underwent primary rhinoplasty, 9% reported prior nasal trauma, 68% had deviated nasal bones, 46% had deviated nasal tips, 70% had asymmetric midfaces, and 36% had deviated chins. In patients without prior trauma history, nasal bones were most commonly deviated towards the side of midface hypoplasia (53%, P = .008). The nasal tip was most commonly deviated contralateral to the side of septal deviation (59%, P = .001). There was no association between nasal bone and chin deviation. Nasal tip deviation was not associated with midface hypoplasia or chin deviation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Nasal deviation is primarily driven by asymmetric facial growth rather than being the result of nasal trauma.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 3<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjae125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T19:08:36Z","timestamp":1717441716000},"page":"1149-1153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nasal Deviation and Facial Asymmetry in Patients Undergoing Rhinoplasty"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Brian L","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Pearlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1585421","article-title":"Rhinoplasty: the asymmetric crooked nose\u2014an overview","volume":"32","author":"Kosins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2021.07.007","article-title":"Treatment of the crooked nose","volume":"49","author":"Akkina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2015.09.009","article-title":"Revision rhinoplasty","volume":"43","author":"Loyo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.23191","article-title":"Impact of crooked nose rhinoplasty on observer perceptions of attractiveness","volume":"122","author":"Roxbury","year":"2012","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.9.3.184","article-title":"Objective assessment of facial asymmetry in rhinoplasty patients","volume":"9","author":"Chatrath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.7162\/s1809-97772012000400004","article-title":"Rhinoplasty and facial asymmetry: analysis of subjective and anthropometric factors in the Caucasian nose","volume":"16","author":"Carvalho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0022-3514.76.1.151","article-title":"Symmetry and perceived facial attractiveness: a monozygotic co-twin comparison","volume":"76","author":"Mealey","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-021-02565-0","article-title":"Ideal reference lines for assessment of facial asymmetry in rhinoplasty patients","volume":"46","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1950.00700030697001","article-title":"Corrective surgery of nasal deviations","volume":"52","author":"Converse","year":"1950","journal-title":"AMA Arch Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2021.0368","article-title":"The spare roof technique as a new approach to the crooked nose","volume":"24","author":"Rodrigues Dias","year":"2022","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e31819ae02d","article-title":"Asymmetric facial growth and deviated nose: a new concept","volume":"64","author":"Hafezi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0000000000001549","article-title":"The relationship between facial asymmetry and nasal septal deviation","volume":"26","author":"Kang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024101511543490400_sjae125-B13","first-page":"70","article-title":"Facial asymmetry in healthy North American Caucasians. 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