{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:55:52Z","timestamp":1781657752997,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003559","name":"The Aesthetic Society Research and Education Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003559","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The CDC\/Kaiser Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) study documented that ACEs predict adult health and self-harming behaviors. ACEs have been documented in physicians and are higher in physicians treated for problematic behavior. Plastic surgeons have never been assayed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Might ACE prevalences in plastic surgeons predict their adult health and\/or behavior?<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 252 ABPS-certified plastic surgeons (72% men, 28% women) completed the 10-question CDC\/Kaiser ACE survey by deidentified email. Data were collected on adult health and behaviors previously associated with ACEs in the literature.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total 42% of plastic surgeons had 1 or more ACEs; 9.9% had 4 or more. Emotional abuse was 2 times higher than the control CDC\/Kaiser population, although other ACEs were lower. Gender differences existed: female surgeons suffered more sexual abuse (17% vs 8%), physical neglect (7% vs 1%), violence against their mothers (7% vs 2%), and self-defined burnout (32% vs 17%). ACEs occurred in clusters. Total ACEs predicted autoimmune disorders, chronic pain\/fatigue, self-defined depression, irritable bowel, antidepressant\/anxiolytic use, alcohol abuse, &amp;gt;3 marriages, &amp;gt;10 sexual partners, sex and work addiction, eating disorders, and self-defined burnout (all P &amp;lt; .020). Emotional abuse predicted alcohol abuse. Sexual abuse predicted sex addiction. Emotional neglect predicted autoimmune disease, antidepressant\/anxiolytic use, eating disorder, and work addiction. Physical neglect predicted chronic fatigue\/chronic pain, depression, and burnout (all P &amp;lt; .001 or less).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adverse childhood experiences occurred in 42% of our 252-member plastic surgeon cohort and predicted 13 adult illnesses and self-harming behaviors that can impair surgeons\u2019 lives and performances. This may facilitate their recognition and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjae214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T12:50:33Z","timestamp":1729169433000},"page":"321-332","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) in 252 Board-Certified Plastic Surgeons: Prevalences, ACE Clustering, and Effects on Adult Health and Behaviors, Including Self-Defined Depression, Work Addiction, and Burnout"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Mark B","family":"Constantian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Zaborek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021817443402200_sjae214-B1","author":"US Centers for Disease Control and 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