{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T13:30:15Z","timestamp":1789565415822,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tuberous breast (TB) is a congenital anomaly characterized by morphological, structural, and breast region alterations. The pectoralis major muscle (PMM) is crucial for correction when placing breast implants. Alterations at this level have received little attention in the literature.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study we aimed to define the anatomical characteristics of the PMM in TB patients with radiomics data extracted from MRI sequences.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The PMMs of 30 TB patients and 30 controls were analyzed by manual segmentation with 3D-Slicer v.5.4.0 software and radiomics techniques. A total of 46 features were extracted, both first-order statistical features and shape features (eg, median, mean, standard deviation, volume, area, centroid, number of voxels, flatness, roundness, elongation, principal axis length x, y, z, diameter).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A statistically significant difference was found in favor of the TB group for PMM roundness; PMM elongation was greater in the TB group. Principal axes 1, 2, and 3 were analyzed in the 3 planes x, y, and z. In the TB group, principal x axis 3 was lower than in the control group. Also, between the axes, principal z axis 2 was on average higher in the TB group than in the non-TB group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results provide the first quantitative evidence of alterations affecting the PMM in TB patients. These differences were found in different planes and volumetric shape features, with potential surgical implications.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>(Therapeutic)<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjae234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T07:53:00Z","timestamp":1732693980000},"page":"264-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pectoralis Major Muscle 3D Volumetric Reconstruction in the Tuberous Breast: Anatomical and Radiomics Differences With Potential Surgical Impact"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Vaccari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Lusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco Ettore Attilio","family":"Klinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Provini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Furlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Bandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Di Giuli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Bernardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco Maria","family":"Klinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeriano","family":"Vinci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-1298(20)30232-7","article-title":"The tuberous breast","volume":"3","author":"Rees","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-016-0642-7","article-title":"The prevalence of tuberous\/constricted breast deformity in population and in breast augmentation and reduction mammaplasty patients","volume":"40","author":"Klinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4355","DOI":"10.1097\/gox.0000000000004355","article-title":"Review of tuberous breast deformity: developments over the last 20 years","volume":"10","author":"Lozito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031101900210","article-title":"Tuberous breast: morphological study and overview of a borderline entity","volume":"19","author":"Klinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/s0007-1226(96)90000-4","article-title":"The tuberous breast deformity: classification and treatment","volume":"49","author":"von Heimburg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-017-0903-2","article-title":"Stenotic breast malformation and its reconstructive surgical correction: a new concept from minor deformity to tuberous breast","volume":"41","author":"Klinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"NP354","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjad373","article-title":"Analyzing the ingredients available and choosing the appropriate tools: our algorithm for a winning recipe to treat tuberous breasts","volume":"44","author":"Vaccari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02390312","article-title":"Personal approach to surgical correction of the extremely hypoplastic tuberous breast","volume":"20","author":"Muti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01578320","article-title":"Augmenting the narrow-based breast: the unfurling technique to prevent the double-bubble deformity","volume":"14","author":"Puckett","year":"1990","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.191293","article-title":"Tuberous breast deformity: a modified technique for single-stage correction","volume":"49","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy134","article-title":"Intra-areolar pexy: the \u201ccompass rose\u201d suture technique for small and moderate areola herniation","volume":"39","author":"Ionescu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.10.017","article-title":"Pectoralis cross-sectional area can be accurately measured using panoramic ultrasound: a validity and repeatability study","volume":"48","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Belmonte","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06799-5","article-title":"Muscle mass loss after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: estimation on breast magnetic resonance imaging using pectoralis muscle area","volume":"30","author":"Rossi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afp122","article-title":"Muscle volume compared to cross-sectional area is more appropriate for evaluating muscle strength in young and elderly individuals","volume":"38","author":"Akagi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s12890-024-02955-5","article-title":"Association between computed tomography-quantified respiratory muscles and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective study","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Pulm Med"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5300","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-09280-z","article-title":"Automatic MRI segmentation of pectoralis major muscle using deep learning","volume":"12","author":"Godoy","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-021-01389-x","article-title":"A deep look into radiomics","volume":"126","author":"Scapicchio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000076502.37081.28","article-title":"Aesthetic reconstruction of the tuberous breast deformity","volume":"112","author":"Mandrekas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81S","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-200612001-00012","article-title":"Dual plane breast augmentation: optimizing implant-soft-tissue relationships in a wide range of breast types","volume":"118","author":"Tebbetts","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1097\/sap.0b013e3182858881","article-title":"Variance in the origin of the pectoralis major muscle: implications for implant-based breast reconstruction","volume":"74","author":"Madsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000070987.15303.1a","article-title":"The correction of capsular contracture by conversion to \u201cdual-plane\u201d positioning: technique and outcomes","volume":"112","author":"Spear","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjx026","article-title":"Commentary on: Functional and volumetric analysis of the pectoralis major muscle after submuscular breast augmentation","volume":"37","author":"Hed\u00e9n","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2025021817443508900_sjae234-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.2217\/whe.11.84","article-title":"Congenital abnormalities of the breast","volume":"8","author":"Kulkarni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Womens Health (Lond)"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Surgery Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/asj\/sjae234\/60829812\/sjae234.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/45\/3\/264\/60829812\/sjae234.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/45\/3\/264\/60829812\/sjae234.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]],"date-time":"2025-02-18T17:44:54Z","timestamp":1739900694000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article\/45\/3\/264\/7909237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/asj\/sjae234","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-820X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-330X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]}}}