{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T11:11:38Z","timestamp":1788433898598,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fat grafting for gluteal augmentation is one of the most popular aesthetic surgery procedures. It has an associated mortality to fat embolism of 0.2%.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The authors of this study sought to describe which technique for synthetic graft application was least likely to cause a fat embolism.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ten fresh bodies were obtained and 4 groups arranged with 5 buttocks each randomly assigned. Group 1 was infiltrated through the upper medial intergluteal sulcus (upper medial intergluteal sulcus) with an angulation of \u221230\u00b0, \u221210\u00b0, and 0\u00b0. Group 2 was infiltrated through the middle lower gluteal sulcus with an angulation of \u221230\u00b0, 0\u00b0, and +15\u00b0. Group 3 was infiltrated through a peritrochanteric (PT) access at the level of the femur head at 0\u00b0 and +10\u00b0 and in the middle of the buttock at the level of the posterior superior iliac crest at \u221230\u00b0 toward the trochanter (lateral direction). Group 4 was infiltrated in the same manner as group 1 without \u221230\u00b0. A complication occurred when the graft was in contact with the vascular or nervous bundle, within the gluteus medius muscle, or both.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Group 1 had 3 buttocks with a complication (UMIGS \u221230\u00b0). Group 2 had complications in all the injection techniques. Group 3 had 5 buttocks with a complication (PT at 0\u00b0). Group 4 had no complications.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The injection of the fat graft through the UMIGS at 0\u00b0 and 10\u00b0 angles, and through the middle of the buttock at the level of posterior superior iliac crest a \u221230\u00b0 angle, reaches the surface needed for gluteal augmentation. The group 2 techniques should be avoided because they have a high risk of complication.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T14:05:01Z","timestamp":1537538701000},"page":"174-184","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Safe Gluteal Fat Graft Avoiding a Vascular or Nervous Injury: An Anatomical Study in Cadavers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Filiberto Alejandro","family":"Alvarez-Alvarez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice in Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiram O","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Jaliscience de Cirug\u00eda Reconstructiva \u201cDr. Jos\u00e9 Guerrerosantos,\u201d Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3436-3304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9sar Felipe","family":"Ploneda-Valencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private practice in Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023012018095199200_CIT0001","volume-title":"The International Study on Aesthetic\/Cosmetic Procedures Performed in 2016","author":"International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery"},{"key":"2023012018095199200_CIT0002","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Cosmetic Surgery National Data Bank Statistics","year":"2018"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023012018095199200_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002435","article-title":"Fat grafting for gluteal augmentation: a systematic review of the literature and 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