{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:35:57Z","timestamp":1782977757449,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The lips are a focal point of the face; however, their aesthetic proportions and effect on perceived facial beauty remain poorly defined. Perioral aging is highly individual, with several distinct and often simultaneous processes contributing to changes in lip contour and surface. These processes can affect lip volume and length, shape, and the degree of vermilion inversion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aimed to develop a treatment guide for Caucasian women that combined a complete analysis of the lips (including the effects of aging) with consideration of the rheological characteristics of the products used to assist practitioners in tailoring rejuvenation treatment to individual patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We reviewed existing literature to analyze the parameters that make the lips of Caucasian women \u201cattractive\u201d and investigated the rheological characteristics of different hyaluronic fillers to provide guidance on the optimal treatment for each woman.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our numerical definition of the lips is based on 4 specific parameters: philtrum height, upper vermillion height, ratio between philtrum and upper vermillion height, and golden ratio between upper and lower vermillion height. In our opinion, conserving the length of hyaluronic acid chains results in dynamic fillers that may provide better results with lower risk of asymmetry compared with conventional products.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This new classification and associated treatment guideline aims to allow accurate assessment and enable practitioners to customize treatment for individual patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]],"date-time":"2019-02-20T04:50:18Z","timestamp":1550638218000},"page":"NP474-NP483","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Proposed Guide to Lip Treatment in Caucasian Women Using Objective and Measurable Parameters"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Sito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pegaso University of Naples, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luana","family":"Consolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Manager for Teoxane Italy, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Tr\u00e9vidic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-012-9937-7","article-title":"Biometric study of eyelid shape and dimensions of different races with references to beauty","volume":"36","author":"Rhee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-011-9793-x","article-title":"The blue-eyes stereotype: do eye color, pupil diameter, and scleral color affect attractiveness?","volume":"36","author":"Gr\u00fcndl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e31826da0c1","article-title":"Nasal aesthetics: a cross-cultural analysis","volume":"130","author":"Broer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X13478968","article-title":"Rhinoplasty: surface aesthetics and surgical techniques","volume":"33","author":"\u00c7akir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2012.00072","article-title":"Do surrounding figures\u2019 emotions affect judgment of the target figure\u2019s emotion? Comparing the eye-movement patterns of European Canadians, Asian Canadians, Asian international students, and Japanese","volume":"6","author":"Masuda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Integr Neurosci"},{"key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0006","first-page":"207","article-title":"Eye movements during the examination of complex objects","volume":"6","author":"Iarbus","year":"1961","journal-title":"Biofizika"},{"key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0007","first-page":"43","article-title":"The definition of facial beauty.","volume-title":"Aesthetic Surgery of the Facial Mosaic","author":"Hoefflin","year":"2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0008","first-page":"268","article-title":"Three-dimensional facial morphometry of attractive adolescent boys and girls","volume":"8","author":"Sforza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Prog 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Accessed March 12, 2018."},{"issue":"4","key":"2023020107522351100_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001638","article-title":"Cohesivity of hyaluronic acid fillers: development and clinical implications of a novel assay, pilot validation with a five-point grading scale, and evaluation of six U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Approved Fillers","volume":"136","author":"Sundaram","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["Aesthetic Surgery Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/39\/12\/NP474\/49004921\/asj_39_12_np474.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article-pdf\/39\/12\/NP474\/49004921\/asj_39_12_np474.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T19:27:06Z","timestamp":1675279626000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/asj\/article\/39\/12\/NP474\/5306202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/asj\/sjz026","relation":{},"ISSN":["1090-820X","1527-330X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1090-820X","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-330X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]]}}}