{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T19:53:27Z","timestamp":1792180407014,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":314,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Suzuka University of Medical Science Graduate School"},{"name":"Kou Corporation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cosmetic acupuncture may reduce wrinkles, swelling, sagging, and facial asymmetry and may lift facial contours.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To investigate the impact of cosmetic acupuncture on masseter muscle volume and its implications for facial aesthetics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The authors included 10 apparently healthy adult females (average age, 50.3 \u00b1 6.45 years) and performed acupuncture once a week for 8 weeks. MRI was conducted before acupuncture stimulation and 3 days after the treatment. The collected image data were analyzed using ZioCube software (ZioSoft Co., Ltd, Tokyo). Before and after the intervention, 2 evaluators measured the masseter muscle volume 3 times each and calculated the average value.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The average total volume of the left and right masseter muscles decreased from 40.73 \u00b1 8.2 to 37.81 \u00b1 8.57\u2005cm3 after cosmetic acupuncture, a significant reduction of 2.92 \u00b1 2.48\u2005cm3 (7.37%, P &amp;lt; .05). All 10 subjective evaluation items showed significant decreases, particularly in facial sagging, contour, and asymmetry, confirming aesthetic improvements and psychological satisfaction among participants. Cosmetic acupuncture reduced masseter muscle volume, leading to noticeable aesthetic benefits.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acupuncture stimulation at acupoints around the masseter muscle can reduce the muscle volume because of muscle relaxation. The improvement in subjective evaluation and changes and decreases in masseter muscle shape enable the attainment of facial contour aesthetics, contributing to the evidence in support of cosmetic acupuncture.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4 (Therapeutic)<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asjof\/ojae109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T17:25:52Z","timestamp":1731259552000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of Facial Acupuncture Stimulation: MRI-Based Masseter Muscle Volume Analysis and Questionnaire Evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Mieko","family":"Ogino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukinori","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2325-974X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Itsuko","family":"Okuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asj.2005.05.001","article-title":"Acupuncture and facial rejuvenation","volume":"25","author":"Barrett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B2","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Immediate Feeling! \u201cMinus 10 Years\u201d Facial Muscle Exercise","author":"Okuda","year":"2021","edition":"1st ed"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3777\/jjsam.68.113","article-title":"Does acupuncture cure of the face affect facial moisture?","volume":"68","author":"Yoshiyama","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Acupunct Moxibust"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.3777\/jjsam.68.104","article-title":"The effects of stimulation by acupuncture on facial blood flow","volume":"68","author":"Yamazaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Acupunct Moxibust"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B5","first-page":"7","article-title":"The effect of acupuncture alone and combined treatment of acupuncture and aromatherapy on dry skin: stratum corneum hydration and trans epidermal water loss evaluation","volume":"8","author":"Uesaka","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Jpn Mibyou Assoc"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B6","first-page":"21","article-title":"Advances in botulinum toxin; 17","author":"Takanori","year":"2019","journal-title":"White"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ojad005","DOI":"10.1093\/asjof\/ojad005","article-title":"Botulinum toxin type A for the treatment of masseter muscle prominence in Asian populations","volume":"5","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J Open Forum"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.3777\/jjsam.60.837","article-title":"Clinical application of acupuncture on temporomandibular disorder in a patient with disc disorders","volume":"60","author":"Minagawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Acupunct Moxibust"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.3777\/jjsam.71.130","article-title":"Evaluation of cosmetic acupuncture from MRI imaging: a pilot study focusing on the masseter muscle and superficial fascia","volume":"71","author":"Ogino","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Acupunct Moxibust"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3777\/jjsam.62.157","article-title":"Investigation of the beautification effects of acupuncture and acupressure: a subjective and objective evaluation","volume":"62","author":"Sato","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Acupunct Moxibust"},{"key":"2024121021560842800_ojae109-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00232","article-title":"Are movement artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging a real problem? 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