{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T22:29:21Z","timestamp":1779316161677,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":258,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given rising demand for botulinum toxin (BoNT) treatments and limited data on safety, ethics, and regulation, a national survey explored experiences with cosmetic BoNT in the United Kingdom.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To conduct a national observational survey with the aim to capture real-world experiences of cosmetic BoNT in the United Kingdom.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional online survey gathered data on experiences with cosmetic BoNT injections across the United Kingdom. Participation was open to adults (\u226518 years) who had received cosmetic BoNT treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 919 participants completed the survey and were predominantly female, white, and had a high household income. Commonly reported acute complications were bruising\/swelling (26.1%), and headache (24.7%). Commonly reported long-term complications were BoNT resistance (2.9%), social withdrawal (2.7%), nerve damage (2.5%), and dry eyes\/vision problems (2.5%). In total, 66% stated their treatment was administered by a prescriber, 28% said it was not. Among those treated by a non-prescriber, 40% reported that a prescriber was present during the consultation, 42% said no prescriber was present, and 17% were unsure. Surprisingly, a few had not signed a consent form (8%), 11% were not informed of treatment risks, and 18% were not told how to respond to complications. A large majority expressed support for enhanced oversight, with 57.8% favoring significantly stricter regulation, and 31.3% somewhat stricter regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cosmetic BoNT can offer high satisfaction and a favorable safety profile when administered appropriately. However, findings highlight key vulnerabilities: inconsistent practitioner qualifications, gaps in informed consent, insufficient complication support, and weak regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence:3 (Therapeutic)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asjof\/ojaf115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T11:33:07Z","timestamp":1757935987000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Findings From the Great British and Northern Ireland Botulinum Toxin Survey: Treatment Outcomes, Patient Experience, and Regulations From a Cross-Sectional 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