{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T06:34:24Z","timestamp":1762842864255,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":265,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anterior chest asymmetry is common, with potential implications for aesthetic and reconstructive breast surgery. However, current assessments rely on visual inspection or linear measurements, and few studies offer a reproducible, quantitative framework for analyzing skeletal asymmetry in healthy populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study is to develop and evaluate a proof-of-concept methodology for quantifying anterior thoracic skeletal asymmetry using standardized, computed tomography (CT)-derived curve segmentation and polynomial modeling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chest CT scans from 50 female patients aged 18 to 45 with a BMI of 20 to 25 were evaluated using semi-automated segmentation. The right and left chest wall curvatures were extracted in both a horizontal and vertical plane at the level of the fourth rib insertion and one-fourth of the maximum thorax width, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The left chest wall displayed significantly greater outward projection than the right chest in both planes (P &amp;lt; .001). The most pronounced differences were observed from 2 to 5\u2005cm from the sternum in the horizontal plane and 0 to 1\u2005cm from the manubrium in the vertical plane. Individual assessments showed that &amp;gt;65% of patients exhibited leftward prominence in the horizontal and vertical planes. The estimated mean volume discrepancy between the left and right chest walls was 19.3\u2005cc.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study introduces a reproducible, curve-based methodology for quantifying skeletal chest wall asymmetry using CT images. In this healthy female cohort, a statistically significant leftward asymmetry was common. Although the volumetric difference may be small and not clinically significant in isolation, these findings support individualized skeletal assessment as a basis for surgical planning, warranting future studies with 3D modeling and more diverse populations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence: 4 (Therapeutic)<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p\/>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/asjof\/ojaf116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T10:11:35Z","timestamp":1758622295000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Quantification of Chest Wall Asymmetry in Healthy Females Using Standardized Computed Tomography\u2013Derived Curve Modeling: A Proof of Concept"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9132-0469","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin 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