{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T10:59:34Z","timestamp":1791284374088,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Living with a diverse array of predators provides a significant challenge for prey to learn and retain information about each predator they encounter. Consequently, some prey respond to novel predators because they have previous experience with a perceptually similar predator species, a phenomenon known as generalization of predator recognition. However, it remains unknown whether prey can generalize learned responses across ontogenetic stages of predators. Using wood frog tadpole (Lithobates sylvaticus) prey, we conducted two experiments to explore the extent of predator generalization of different life stages of two different predators: (1) predacious diving beetles (Dytiscus sp.) and (2) tiger salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium). In both experiments, we used chemical alarm cues (i.e., injured conspecific cues) to condition tadpoles to recognize the odor of either the larval or adult stage of the predator as risky. One day later, we tested tadpoles with either the larval or adult predator odor to determine whether they generalized their learned responses to the other life stages of the predator. Tadpoles generalized between larval and adult beetle odors but failed to generalize between larval and adult salamander odors. These results suggest that the odor of some predator species changes during metamorphosis to an extent that reduces their recognisability by prey. This \u201cpredator identity reset\u201d increases the number of threats to which prey need to attend.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arae014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T20:19:31Z","timestamp":1709756371000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predator metamorphosis and its consequence for prey risk assessment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2727-359X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Himal","family":"Thapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Science Pl. , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Saskatchewan , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam L","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle H","family":"Achtymichuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sultan M M","family":"Sadat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Science Pl. , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Saskatchewan , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9497-4329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas P","family":"Chivers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Science Pl. , Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Saskatchewan , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3127-9804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maud C O","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan , 52 Campus Dr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2021.11.013","article-title":"The choice of euthanasia techniques can affect experimental results in aquatic behavioural studies","volume":"185","author":"Achtymichuk","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.limno.2006.07.004","article-title":"Predation of the beetle Rhantus sikkimensis (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) on the larvae of Chironomus meigen (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Darjeeling Himalayas of India","volume":"36","author":"Aditya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Limnologica"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0003","first-page":"240","article-title":"Ecology: Resource use, competition, and predation","volume-title":"Tadpoles: the biology of anuran larvae","author":"Alford","year":"1999"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-11-190","article-title":"Predator-induced changes of female mating preferences: innate and experiential effects","volume":"11","author":"Bierbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.2004.01033.x","article-title":"A test of the multi-predator hypothesis: rapid loss of antipredator behavior after 130 years of isolation","volume":"110","author":"Blumstein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0006","article-title":"Differences in consumption rates between juvenile and adult Laccophilus fasciatus rufus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) on larval Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)","author":"Bofill","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-018-3765-y","article-title":"An army of one: predaceous diving beetle life history stages affect interactions with shared mosquito prey","volume":"827","author":"Bofill","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.2307\/1443271","article-title":"Salamander antipredator postures","volume":"1977","author":"Brodie","year":"1977","journal-title":"Copeia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/1563867","article-title":"Food habits of sympatric larval Ambystoma tigrinum and Notophthalmus viridescens","volume":"14","author":"Brophy","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Herpetol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195171204.003.0003","article-title":"Learning as an adaptive response to predation","volume-title":"Ecology of predator\u2013prey interactions","author":"Brown","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2017.10.009","article-title":"Predicting predator recognition in a changing world","volume":"33","author":"Carthey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1002\/ece3.454","article-title":"The effect of turbidity on recognition and generalization of predators and non-predators in aquatic ecosystems","volume":"3","author":"Chivers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ecol Evol"},{"issue":"1809","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20150365","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.0365","article-title":"Responses of tadpoles to hybrid predator odours: strong maternal signatures and the potential risk\/response mismatch","volume":"282","author":"Chivers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B: Biol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1080\/11956860.1998.11682471","article-title":"Chemical alarm signalling in aquatic predator-prey systems: a review and prospectus","volume":"5","author":"Chivers","year":"1998","journal-title":"\u00c9coscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1996.0177","article-title":"Damselfly larvae learn to recognize predators from chemical cues in the predator\u2019s diet","volume":"52","author":"Chivers","year":"1996","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"issue":"1728","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2011.0957","article-title":"Social learning spreads knowledge about dangerous humans among american crows","volume":"279","author":"Cornell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Royal Soc B: Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1998","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20230746","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2023.0746","article-title":"Uncertainty about old information results in differential predator memory in tadpoles","volume":"290","author":"Crane","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc Royal Soc B"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arw161","article-title":"Experience with predators shapes learning rules in larval amphibians","volume":"28","author":"Crane","year":"2017","journal-title":"Behav Ecol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0019","first-page":"53","article-title":"Social learning of predation risk: a review and prospectus","volume-title":"Social learning theory: phylogenetic considerations across animal, plant, and microbial taxa","author":"Crane","year":"2013"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1111\/eth.12025","article-title":"Predator generalization decreases the effect of introduced predators in the san marcos salamander, Eurycea nana","volume":"118","author":"Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1163\/156853883X00229","article-title":"Food and feeding habits of triturus vulgaris (l.) and t. Cristatus (l.) (amphibia) in two bog tarns in central Norway","volume":"4","author":"Dolmen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Amphib-Reptilia"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-654750-4.50014-1","article-title":"Chemical defense against predation in arthropods","author":"Eisner","year":"1970","journal-title":"Chemical ecology"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0023","first-page":"169","article-title":"Interactions between predators and prey","volume-title":"Behavioural ecology","author":"Endler","year":"1991","edition":"3rd"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.3354\/meps07459","article-title":"Phylogenetically mediated anti-predator responses in bivalve molluscs","volume":"363","author":"F\u00e4ssler","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arp135","article-title":"Sophisticated early life lessons: threat-sensitive generalization of predator recognition by embryonic amphibians","volume":"20","author":"Ferrari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Behav Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2009.03.016","article-title":"Temporal variability, threat sensitivity and conflicting information about the nature of risk: understanding the dynamics of tadpole antipredator behaviour","volume":"78","author":"Ferrari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2015.10.026","article-title":"Certainty and the cognitive ecology of generalization of predator recognition","volume":"111","author":"Ferrari","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"issue":"1620","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0028","first-page":"1853","article-title":"Generalization of learned predator recognition: an experimental test and framework for future studies","volume":"274","author":"Ferrari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2009.0798","article-title":"Temporal learning of predation risk by embryonic amphibians","volume":"6","author":"Ferrari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Lett"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.2007.01362.x","article-title":"First documentation of cultural transmission of predator recognition by larval amphibians","volume":"113","author":"Ferrari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"issue":"1644","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0031","first-page":"1811","article-title":"Can prey exhibit threat-sensitive generalization of predator recognition? Extending the predator recognition continuum hypothesis","volume":"275","author":"Ferrari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arn056","article-title":"Larval amphibians learn to match antipredator response intensity to temporal patterns of risk","volume":"19","author":"Ferrari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Behav Ecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2009.05.034","article-title":"The paradox of risk allocation: a review and prospectus","volume":"78","author":"Ferrari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-012-0505-y","article-title":"Understanding the role of uncertainty on learning and retention of predator information","volume":"15","author":"Ferrari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1139\/Z10-029","article-title":"Chemical ecology of predator-prey interactions in aquatic ecosystems: a review and prospectus","volume":"88","author":"Ferrari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2307\/1444272","article-title":"Relative palatabilities of members of a larval amphibian community","volume":"1982","author":"Formanowicz","year":"1982","journal-title":"Copeia"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1670\/09-033.1","article-title":"Risk assessment and anti-predator behavior of wood frog (Rana sylvatica) tadpoles: a comparison with green frog (Rana clamitans) tadpoles","volume":"44","author":"Fraker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Herpetol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052080105","article-title":"Collagen type conservation during metamorphic repatterning of the dermal fibers in salamanders","volume":"208","author":"Frolich","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Morphol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(87)90519-6","article-title":"Effects of metamorphosis on water permeability of skin in the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum","volume":"86","author":"Galey","year":"1987","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.2009.01718.x","article-title":"Innate predator recognition and the problem of introduced trout","volume":"116","author":"Gall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0310.1993.tb00553.x","article-title":"Can paradise fish (Macropodus opercularis, anabantidae) recognize a natural predator? An ethological analysis","volume":"94","author":"Gerlai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.2003.2174","article-title":"A century of generalization","volume":"66","author":"Ghirlanda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0043","article-title":"Metamorphosis: the hormonal reactivation of development","volume-title":"Developmental biology 6th edition","author":"Gilbert","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0044","first-page":"183","article-title":"A simplified table for staging anuran embryos and larvae with notes on identification","volume":"16","author":"Gosner","year":"1960","journal-title":"Herpetologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13750-019-0154-6","article-title":"Examining the efficacy of anti-predator training for increasing survival in conservation translocations: a systematic review protocol","volume":"8","author":"Greggor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Evid"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.2001.1781","article-title":"Learning specificity in acquired predator recognition","volume":"62","author":"Griffin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-406X(62)90027-0","article-title":"Serum protein and erythrocyte changes during metamorphosis in paedogenic Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium","volume":"7","author":"Hahn","year":"1962","journal-title":"Comp Biochem Physiol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1126\/science.224.4655.1357","article-title":"Predator-induced defense in a marine bryozoan","volume":"224","author":"Harvell","year":"1984","journal-title":"Science (New York, NY)"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2009.04.002","article-title":"Ontogeny of hydrocarbon profiles in the ant Aphaenogaster senilis and effects of social isolation","volume":"332","author":"Ichinose","year":"2009","journal-title":"CR Biol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3354\/meps323305","article-title":"Ontogenetic dietary shift of Japanese sea bass during larva-juvenile transition in Ariake bay","volume":"323","author":"Islam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mar Ecol Prog Ser"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012283245-1\/50013-0","article-title":"Endocrinology of amphibian metamorphosis","author":"Kaltenbach","year":"1996","journal-title":"Metamorphosis: Postembryonic reprogramming of gene expression in amphibian and insect cells"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-4642.2003.00013.x","article-title":"Alien predators and amphibian declines: review of two decades of science and the transition to conservation","volume":"9","author":"Kats","year":"2003","journal-title":"Divers Distrib"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-2979.2003.00126.x","article-title":"Learned predator recognition and antipredator responses in fishes","volume":"4","author":"Kelley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Fish Fish"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0054","volume-title":"Bearbeitung einheimischer tiere. 1. Monographie: Der gelbrand dytiscus marginalis l","author":"Korschelt","year":"1924"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1139\/z90-092","article-title":"Behavioral decisions made under the risk of predation: a review and prospectus","volume":"68","author":"Lima","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20156","article-title":"Development of individually distinct recognition cues","volume":"48","author":"Mateo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1006\/anbe.1993.1241","article-title":"Fathead minnows, Pimephales promelas, learn to recognize northern pike, Esox lucius, as predators on the basis of chemical stimuli from minnows in the pike\u2019s diet","volume":"46","author":"Mathis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1139\/z00-164","article-title":"Predator-recognition training enhances survival of brook trout: evidence from laboratory and field-enclosure studies","volume":"78","author":"Mirza","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can J Zool"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.135137","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the control of responses to predator odours in aquatic prey","volume":"220","author":"Mitchell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13918","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13918","article-title":"Learning to distinguish between predators and non-predators: understanding the critical role of diet cues and predator odours in generalisation","volume":"5","author":"Mitchell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0061","first-page":"102","article-title":"A practical method for staging metamorphosis in the tiger salamander Ambystoma tigrinum","volume-title":"Anat Rec.","author":"Norman","year":"1985"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0062","first-page":"1","article-title":"Environmental RNA can distinguish life stages in amphibian populations","volume":"00","author":"Parsley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Ecol Resour"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-022-01599-4","article-title":"Disturbance cues function as a background risk cue but not as an associative learning cue in tadpoles","volume":"25","author":"Rivera-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2011.06.019","article-title":"Something smells fishy: predator-naive salmon use diet cues, not kairomones, to recognize a sympatric mammalian predator","volume":"82","author":"Roberts","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"issue":"1783","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20190063","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0063","article-title":"Complete metamorphosis of insects","volume":"374","author":"Rolff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc London Ser B"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0066","first-page":"211","article-title":"The role of hormones in the regulation of amphibian metamorphosis","author":"Rosenkilde","year":"1985","journal-title":"Metamorphosis"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-018-2568-5","article-title":"Prey na\u00efvet\u00e9 and the anti-predator responses of a vulnerable marsupial prey to known and novel predators","volume":"72","author":"Saxon-Mills","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/s00049-016-0208-y","article-title":"A review of predator diet effects on prey defensive responses","volume":"26","author":"Scherer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chemoecology"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beproc.2021.104421","article-title":"Tone deaf: association of an auditory stimulus with predation risk by zebrafish Danio rerio does not generalize to another auditory stimulus","volume":"189","author":"Seigel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Behav Process"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402130207","article-title":"Renal excretion of urea in the salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum","volume":"213","author":"Stiffler","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Exp Zool"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arae014","article-title":"Predator metamorphosis and its consequence for prey risk assessment","author":"Thapa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Behav Ecol"},{"issue":"1459","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1276","article-title":"Experimental evidence for innate predator recognition in the seychelles warbler","volume":"267","author":"Veen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0073","first-page":"457","article-title":"Chapter 16 - salamanders","volume-title":"Herpetology (fourth edition)","author":"Vitt","year":"2014"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1163\/156853800507336","article-title":"A posthatching developmental staging table for the long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum krausei","volume":"21","author":"Watson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Amphib-Reptilia"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2009.02.020","article-title":"Chemical cues from both dangerous and nondangerous snakes elicit antipredator behaviours from a nocturnal lizard","volume":"77","author":"Webb","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anim Behav"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0076","first-page":"227","article-title":"Biochemistry of amphibian metamorphosis","volume-title":"The biochemistry of animal development","author":"Weber","year":"1967"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012370626-3.00160-5","article-title":"Coleoptera (beetles) in aquatic ecosystems","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of inland waters","author":"White","year":"2009"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.es.11.110180.000435","article-title":"Complex life cycles","volume":"11","author":"Wilbur","year":"1980","journal-title":"Annu Rev Ecol Syst"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-22628-6_12","article-title":"Chemically mediated strategies to counter predation","volume-title":"Sensory processing in aquatic environments","author":"Wisenden","year":"2003"},{"key":"2024032616381731200_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1007\/s10750-009-9982-7","article-title":"Behavior and aquatic plants as factors affecting predation by three species of larval predaceous diving beetles (coleoptera: Dytiscidae)","volume":"637","author":"Yee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hydrobiologia"}],"container-title":["Behavioral Ecology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/beheco\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/beheco\/arae014\/56877696\/arae014.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/beheco\/article-pdf\/35\/3\/arae014\/57093570\/arae014.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/beheco\/article-pdf\/35\/3\/arae014\/57093570\/arae014.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T19:55:59Z","timestamp":1711482959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/beheco\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/beheco\/arae014\/7623295"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Aliza","family":"le Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/beheco\/arae014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-2249","1465-7279"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-2249","type":"print"},{"value":"1465-7279","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"article-number":"arae014"}}