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Laboratory studies lack environmental complexity and scale, while field-based approaches are often unfeasible. We here mimicked dispersal events in fish; encompassing all 3 phases of dispersal (departure, transience, settlement) in a large experimental mesocosm containing breeding sites. Using 3-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) tagged with \u2018Passive Integrated Transponders\u2019 (PIT tags), we remotely monitored proxies of dispersal of 2 cohorts, each consisting of 40 individuals of known activity and aggressiveness scores, continuously over 2 wk. We tested whether personality variation explained differences in departure timing, transience movements, settlement success and spatial distribution along the environmental gradient. We found that more active\/aggressive individuals dispersed quicker in the mesocosm, spent more time on territories and collected more eggs. However, we did not detect strong phenotype-environment correlations. Our findings emphasize the potential role of personality-dependent dispersal in population dynamics, with specific behavioral types driving dispersal and settlement success. Our mesocosm setup provides unique insights into the dispersal dynamics in a system where detailed observations across all dispersal stages are rare and difficult to obtain. Despite limitations, behavioral experiments in mesocosms serve as a valuable bridge between laboratory and natural systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arag076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:52:12Z","timestamp":1783511532000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Personality predicts dispersal and settlement in a novel habitat\u2014a mesocosm experiment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2570-590X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J","family":"Gismann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Ecology and Complexity, Centre for Advances Studies Blanes (CEAB-CSIC) , Carrer Acc\u00e9s Cala Sant Francesc, 14, 17300 Blanes ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0741-2174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T G G","family":"Groothuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3281-663X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F J","family":"Weissing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1808-1526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Nicolaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life 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