{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:03:54Z","timestamp":1786122234224,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP210103349"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP210103349"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Parent\u2013offspring associations provide the basis for more complex care and breeding systems. One proximate mechanism by which parental behavior is facilitated across animal taxa is via nonapeptide hormones such as arginine vasotocin (AVT). However, existing research largely comes from obligately social species, and whether such mechanisms are conserved in social systems where care is facultative remains unclear. Here, we used a facultatively family living skink, Liopholis whitii, to test the role of AVT in mediating 2 key parental behaviors: parent\u2013offspring associations (measured by proximity between mothers and offspring) and maternal aggression (in response to a conspecific model). We found that increasing AVT via intraperitoneal injection led to more time spent in closer proximity between mother and offspring. Conversely, a decrease in AVT signaling (using an AVT receptor antagonist) resulted in a reduction in the time spent in closer proximity. We also found that these effects caused by increased AVT signaling persisted for several weeks, suggesting a potential organizational effect of AVT on the mother\u2013offspring relationship. Contrary to our predictions, we found no effect of AVT manipulations on maternal aggression, suggesting that AVT may have been de-coupled from its usual role as a moderator of aggression. These results support the idea that AVT may be a mechanism involved in governing parental behavior in this system, and as such, could have played a key role in the repeated evolution of group living.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arag082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T11:42:41Z","timestamp":1784288561000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vasotocin influences mother\u2013offspring associations in a facultatively family-living lizard"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0111-1008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jai","family":"Lake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8122-9322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geoffrey M","family":"While","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania , Hobart, Tasmania 7001 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4877-9696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander G","family":"Ophir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4999-3723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dustin R","family":"Rubenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10027 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lynea","family":"Witczak Oldfather","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Elon University , Elon, NC 27244 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4662-0227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin J","family":"Whiting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, New South Wales 2109 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080704511821600_arag082-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1098\/RSBL.2012.0492","article-title":"Human maternal behaviour is associated with arginine vasopressin receptor 1A gene","volume":"8","author":"Avinun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Lett"},{"key":"2026080704511821600_arag082-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/J.PHYSBEH.2008.11.013","article-title":"Arginine\u2013vasotocin influence 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