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One solution to finding and capturing unpredictable prey is social foraging, yet it remains unclear whether its benefits arise from behavioral coordination itself or simply from predators co-occurring under favorable environmental conditions. We examine how environmental conditions shape the outcome of social foraging between predators\u2014dolphins and human fishers\u2014that forage together on patchy, ephemeral migratory mullet schools. Using fisher catch as our empirical measure of foraging success, we test whether mullet abundance and catch are influenced by local environmental conditions, or whether social foraging buffers fishers from fluctuations in prey availability. Using confirmatory path analysis, we investigate the links among environmental conditions, mullet abundance, predators' abundance, and synchronous behavior to determine their relative influence on prey capture. Our results indicate 2 pathways to higher prey capture. First, fishers catch more mullet when these are more abundant (typically under northerly winds), but environmental conditions do not predict dolphin\u2013fisher foraging synchrony. Second\u2014and independently\u2014more dolphins are present during flood tides, which leads to more fishers, more synchronous foraging, and more mullet caught. These moment-by-moment analyses demonstrate that behavioral coordination, rather than prey availability or shared environmental responses alone, is the primary driver of fisher success. More broadly, our results provide a mechanistic understanding of how social foraging can buffer predators against environmental variability, highlighting the role of coordination in overcoming prey unpredictability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/beheco\/arag106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T12:45:43Z","timestamp":1787921143000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synchronous human\u2013dolphin foraging increases fishing success despite prey unpredictability"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6252-6890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre M S","family":"Machado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Campus Universit\u00e1rio C\u00f3rrego Grande, Florian\u00f3polis, SC 88035-972 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour , Am Obstberg 1, 78315, Radolfzell ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2923-1446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F\u00e1bio G","family":"Daura-Jorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Campus Universit\u00e1rio C\u00f3rrego Grande, Florian\u00f3polis, SC 88035-972 ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damien R","family":"Farine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Collective Behaviour, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour , Am Obstberg 1, 78315, Radolfzell ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Science, Universit\u00e4t Z\u00fcrich , Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Z\u00fcrich ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University , 46 Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, ACT 2600 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penny","family":"Tarling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultat de Mathem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Universitat de Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes , 585, 08007 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Escalera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultat de Mathem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Universitat de Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes , 585, 08007 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Computer Vision Center, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Edifici O, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Clap\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultat de Mathem\u00e0tiques i Inform\u00e0tica, Universitat de Barcelona, Gran Via de les Corts Catalanes , 585, 08007 Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Computer Vision Center, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Edifici O, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola) , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauricio","family":"Cantor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina , Campus Universit\u00e1rio C\u00f3rrego Grande, Florian\u00f3polis, SC 88035-972 ,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Sciences, Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University , 2030 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour , Universit\u00e4tsstra\u00dfe 10, Konstanz, D-78464 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 , Av. 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